General Chemistry
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389603
Author: Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly
Publisher: University Science Books
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.17P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for the resonance forms, formal charges and bonding in formate ion has to be discussed.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis Structure:  A Lewis structure shows a covalent bond as pair of electrons shared between two atoms.

Formal charge (F.C):  The charges that assigned to each atom in a molecule or ion by a set of arbitrary rules and don not actually represent the actual charges on the atoms are called as formal charges.

The formal charge is calculated using the formula,

  F.C=Valenceelectrons-Noofnon-bondingelectrons-Noofbondingelectrons2

The Lewis structure with zero formal charge or least separated formal charges is the preferred structure of the molecule.

Resonance:  Each of the individual Lewis formulas is said to be a resonance form and the use of multiple Lewis formula is called resonance.  The two dashed lines taken together represent a pair of bonding electrons that spread over the two bonds.  Such a superimposed formula is called resonance hybrid because it is a hybrid of the various resonance forms.

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