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A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.56 g of benzoicacid
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemical Principles
- Estimate the pH that results when the following two solutions are mixed. a) 50 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M KOH b) 100 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M NaOH c) 150 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2 d) 200 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2arrow_forwardTwo strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?arrow_forwardFor conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)arrow_forward
- The pH of a 0.10-M solution of propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH, a weak organic acid, is measured at equilibrium and found to be 2.93 at 25 °C. Calculate the Ka of propanoic acid.arrow_forwardDoes the pH of the solution increase, decrease, or stay the same when you (a) Add solid sodium oxalate, Na2C2O4, to 50.0 mL of 0.015-M oxalic acid? (b) Add solid ammonium chloride to 100. mL of 0.016-M HCl? (c) Add 20.0 g NaCl to 1.0 L of 0.012-M sodium acetate, NaCH3COO?arrow_forwardFind [OH-] and the pH of the following solutions. (a) 0.25 g of Ba(OH)2 dissolved in enough water to make 0.655 L of solution. (b) A 3.00-L solution of KOH is prepared by diluting 300.0 mL of 0.149 M KOH with water. What is the molarity of the diluted solution? What is the effect of a tenfold dilution on the pH?arrow_forward
- If you mix 125.0 mL of 0.50 M CH3CO2H with 75.0 mL of 0.83 M NaOH, what is the pH of the resulting solution? Kb of CH3COO- = 5.6 x 10-10 , Ka of CH3COOH = 1.8 x 10-5arrow_forwardThe equilibrium constant for an acid is called the acid ionization constant (Ka). If acetic acid (weak acid, HC2H3O2) is placed into water, it ionizes to H+ and C2H3O2- with a Ka of 1.82 x 10-5. Determine the pH of the solution when 20.0 g HC2H3O2 (s) is added to water, with a final volume of 1000. mL?arrow_forwardAn important component of blood is the buffer combination of bicarbonate ion and carbonic acid. Consider blood with a pH of 7.42. (a) What is the ratio of [H2CO3] to [HCO3− ]?(b) What does the pH become if 14% of the bicarbonate ions are converted to carbonic acid? (c) What does the pH become if 26% of the carbonic acid molecules are converted to bicarbonate ions?arrow_forward
- A solution is prepared that is initially 0.095 M in propanoic acid (HC2H5CO2) and 0.31 M in potassium propanoate (KC2H5CO2). Complete the reaction table below, so that you could use it to calculate the pH of this solution. Use x to stand for the unknown change in [H3O+]. You can ieave out the M/ symbol for molanty.arrow_forward1. 0.200 M acetic acid is added to water. What is the concentration of H3O* in solution if Kc=1.8x10-6? 2. After an all-night drinking binge, a man pukes 300.0mL of liquid into his trash can. Assuming the puke is 20% HCI and the rest does not affect the pH, what is the pH of the solution resulting from the puke being neutralized with 0.50M NH3? (Kb-1.8x105) 3. If the initial concentration of NH3 is 0.350 M and the concentration at equilibrium is 0.325 M, what is Kc for this reaction?arrow_forwardYou have 100mL of 0.1M HCI in a beaker and you begin to add NaOH to the beaker. Consider the following neutralization reaction, HCI + NaOH ==== NaCl + H₂O. How would you expect pH to change as you add NaOH? The pH would increase because [H3O*] would increase O The pH would increase because [H3O+] would decrease The pH would decrease because [H3O+] would increase O The pH would decrease because [H3O+] would decreasearrow_forward
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