Concept explainers
Another way to derive a demand function is to break the market into segments and identify a low price, a medium price, and a high price. For each of these prices and market segments, we ask company experts to estimate product demand. Then we use Excel’s trend curve fitting capabilities to fit a quadratic function that represents that segment’s demand function. Finally, we add the segment demand curves to derive an aggregate demand curve. Try this procedure for pricing a candy bar. Assume the candy bar costs $0.55 to produce. The company plans to charge between $1.10 and $1.50 for this candy bar. Its marketing department estimates the demands shown in the file P07_47.xlsx (in thousands) in the three regions of the country where the candy bar will be sold. What is the profit-maximizing price, assuming that the same price will be charged in all three regions?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Practical Management Science
- Sometimes curvature in a scatterplot can be fit adequately (especially to the naked eye) by several trend lines. We discussed the exponential trend line, and the power trend line is discussed in the previous problem. Still another fairly simple trend line is the parabola, a polynomial of order 2 (also called a quadratic). For the demand-price data in the file P13_10.xlsx, fit all three of these types of trend lines to the data, and calculate the MAPE for each. Which provides the best fit? (Hint: Note that a polynomial of order 2 is still another of Excels Trend line options.)arrow_forwardA company manufacturers a product in the United States and sells it in England. The unit cost of manufacturing is 50. The current exchange rate (dollars per pound) is 1.221. The demand function, which indicates how many units the company can sell in England as a function of price (in pounds) is of the power type, with constant 27556759 and exponent 2.4. a. Develop a model for the companys profit (in dollars) as a function of the price it charges (in pounds). Then use a data table to find the profit-maximizing price to the nearest pound. b. If the exchange rate varies from its current value, does the profit-maximizing price increase or decrease? Does the maximum profit increase or decrease?arrow_forward"A chipboard company has 4 factories, Mazatenango, Retalhuleu, Escuintla and Xela. It has four major distributors of its chipboards, which are distributor 1, distributor 2, distributor 3 and distributor 4: Mazatenango Retalhuleu Escuintla Xela DEMAND D1 10 16 19 12 350 D2 12 10 18 15 300 D3 15 22 10 10 250 IN THIS CASE USE VOGEL'S APPROXIMATION METHOD D4 20 10 12 20 200 SUPPLY 150 150 350 250 1) Formulate the problem as a transportation problem, solve it with the three methods and find the optimal cost for this problem. methods and find the optimal cost for this transportation problem. (remember to go through all possible routes).arrow_forward
- A manager uses this equation to predict demand for landscaping services: Ft = 14 + 4t. Over the past eight periods, demand has been as follows: Period, t: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Demand: 20 25 25 35 35 40 45 50 Compute the tracking signals for Periods 1-8. (Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign. Round your intermediate calculations and final answers to 3 decimal places.) Period t Tracking Signal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8arrow_forwardA purchasing agent for a particular type of silicon wafer used in the production ofsemiconductors must decide among three sources. Source A will sell the siliconwafers for $2.50 per wafer, independently of the number of wafers ordered. Source Bwill sell the wafers for $2.40 each but will not consider an order for fewer than3,000 wafers, and Source C will sell the wafers for $2.30 each but will not acceptan order for fewer than 4,000 wafers. Assume an order setup cost of $100 and anannual requirement of 20,000 wafers. Assume a 20 percent annual interest rate forholding cost calculations.b. What is the optimal value of the holding and setup costs for wafers when theoptimal source is used?arrow_forward1. 524 plz help w/ anything. a) is correct, need help with Barrow_forward
- You are the Economic Consultant for Zuku Farms Ghana Limited. Zuku produces cowpea in a community where producers are able to switch back and forth between cowpea and groundnut depending on market conditions. Consequently, you were tasked by the management of Zuku and you estimated the demand function for cowpea as follows: where is the quantity of cowpea demanded in bags per month, is the average price of cowpea in Ghana Cedis, is the average price of groundnut in Ghana Cedis, and Y is the income of consumers. Assuming is initially GH¢31.00 per bag, Y is GH¢1001.50 Required: Find the resulting demand function for cowpea and determine the number of bags Zuku can sell at GH¢ 45.00 per bag. Management is considering increasing price of cowpea by GH¢10.00 per bag. Advise management on this price change using the concept of price elasticity of demand. Explain why management should be worried about a reduction in the price of groundnutarrow_forwardManagement of the Toys R4U Company needs to decide whether to introduce a certain new novelty toy for the upcoming Christmas season, after which it would be discontinued. The total cost required to produce and market this toy would be $500,000 plus $15 per toy produced. The company would receive revenue of $35 for each toy sold. Assuming that every unit of this toy that is produced is sold, write an expression for the profit in terms of the number produced and sold. Then find the break-even point that this number must exceed to make it worthwhile to introduce this toy. Now assume that the number that can be sold might be less than the number produced. Write an expression for the profit in terms of these two numbers. Formulate a spreadsheet that will give the profit in part b for any values of the two numbers. Write a mathematical expression for the constraint that the number produced should not exceed the number that can be sold.arrow_forwardMcDonald wants to increase its total revenue. One strategy is to offer a 10% discount on every customer that they sell. MacDonald knows that their customers can be divided into two distinct groups according to their likely responses to the discount. The table shows how the two groups respond to the discount. Discount Group A: family (sales per week) Group B: school children (sales per week) Volume of sales before the 10% discount 1.55 million 1.50 million Volume of sales after the 10% discount 1.65 million 1.70 million If McDonald wants to increase its total revenue, should discounts be offered to group A or to group B? Explainarrow_forward
- Horton Manufacturing Incorporated produces blinds and other window treatments for residential homes and offices. The owner is concerned about the maintenance costs for the production machinery because maintenance costs for the previous fiscal year were higher than he expected. The owner has asked you to assist in estimating future maintenance costs to better predict the firm’s profitability. Together, you have determined that the best cost driver for maintenance costs is machine hours. The data from the previous fiscal year for maintenance costs and machine hours follow: Maintenance Costs Machine Hours 1 $ 2,660 1,557 2 2,705 1,660 3 2,755 1,675 4 2,855 1,725 5 2,890 1,845 6 3,040 1,895 7 2,900 1,855 8 2,940 1,875 9 2,815 1,765 10 2,605 1,445 11 2,625 1,620 12 2,925 1,460 Maintenance cost = 1208 + (0.9667 x Machine hours) 1. Calculate the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the cost equation you developed above.arrow_forwardNorth Dakota Electric Company estimates its demand trend line (in millions of kilowatt hours) to be: D = 80.0 + 0.50Q, where Q refers to the sequential quarter number and Q = 1 for winter of Year 1. In addition, the multiplicative seasonal factors are as follows: Quarter Factor (Index) Winter 0.80 Spring 1.25 Summer 1.50 Fall 0.45 In year 26 (quarters 101-104), the energy use for each of the quarters beginning with winter is (round your response to one decimal place): Quarter Energy Use Winter Spring Summer Fallarrow_forwardLefola Limited is the only manufacturer of product G_Easy in the Popa Land. It has provided documented levels of demand at certain selling prices for product G_Easy which are as follows:Price per unit 7 0006 000Demand Units 01Total costs 3 0005 000875 000 2 4 000 3 3 000 4 2 000 5 1 000 68 000 12 000 17 000 23 000 30 000Required:MGA40AT/POF117V – 2020 Instructional Teaching manual packUsing a tabular approach, calculate the marginal revenues and marginal costs for product G_Easy at the different levels of demand, and so determine the selling price at which Lefola Limited’s profits are maximized.arrow_forward
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,