Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The contribution of resonance structure to resonance hybrid of the given compound has to be investigated.
Concept Introduction:
Resonance Contributor: The appropriate structure with the localized electrons is called a resonance contributor, a resonance structure, or a contributing resonance structure.
Delocalized electrons: The sharing of electrons between two or more atoms known as delocalization of electrons. In order to have delocalized electrons, the system must be planar and have alternative double bonds and single bonds.
Resonance hybrid: the actual structure with delocalized electrons is called a resonance hybrid.
(b)
Interpretation:
The species which have resonance contributors that all contribute equally to the resonance hybrid has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Resonance Contributor: The appropriate structure with the localized electrons is called a resonance contributor, a resonance structure, or a contributing resonance structure.
Delocalized electrons: The sharing of electrons between two or more atoms known as delocalization of electrons. In order to have delocalized electrons, the system must be planar and have alternative double bonds and single bonds.
Resonance hybrid: the actual structure with delocalized electrons is called a resonance hybrid.
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Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
- For each of the following structures, place an "X" in the box for the major resonance contributor and "O" in the box for the resonance hybrid. A. موٹی کی مجھے جی & ΘΟarrow_forward4. The purine heterocycle occurs commonly in the structure of DNA. a. How is each N atom hybridized? b. In what type of orbital does each lone pair on a N atom reside? c. How manyn electrons does purine contain? d. Why is purine aromatic? :N H. purine batond ai enexerlo 08,H HO HO HO b w bemmot etbubong erit wea OH8 HOH2O zhemala eriT nertw bemotarrow_forwardDraw the products of each acid-base reaction. EXAMPLE: a. b. CH3CH₂ propanoic acid OH || + CH3CH₂CH₂ OH + K+ OH This proton is transferred from the acid to the base. NaOH + base Na₂CO3 + H-O-H CH₂CH₂ O K+ The carboxylate anion is formed as a potassium salt.arrow_forward
- Which resonance contributor in each pair makes the greater contribution to the resonance hybrid?arrow_forwardWhich species in each pair is more stable?arrow_forwardUse the information in the pK, table below to determine which side of the equilibrium is favored for each of the reactions in a the second table. acid pK. acid pKa CH4 CH2=CH, 50 45 `NH2 CHNH2 36 36 CH3 -C =CH 25 19 CHNH3 он 15.9 10.6 CHSH 10.3 но- 10.0 CH3 - 2 но- Left Right Favored Equilibrium Equation Equal Favored CH,-0 + cuộu, = CH2 -$-OH + CHNH2 CHNH3 + CH3-C=CH CH3-C=C CH3- + CH3 HO- CHSH H3-C CHS CH4 0==0arrow_forward
- Draw the resonance contributors for the species/molecules shown in the boxes below. Then, indicate which species (if any) is the MAJOR contributor towards the resonance hybrid (most stable).arrow_forward6. Rank the indicated a-H's from most to least acidic (most acidic= 1). Be sure to explain your rankings for each by drawing significant resonance structures for the conjugate base and commenting on any other factors that contribute to your rankings. H H H H. A B Cmpd Rank Resonance Structures Reasoning A Вarrow_forward25. Draw a circle around the alkene that reacts most rapidly with HCl and draw a rectangle around the molecule that reacts most slowly with HCI. Hint: think about the most and least stable cation and resonance stabilization of cations! K XX X Ph H H3C H3C Ph H H3C H H H. Ph H H H 26. Draw a circle around the most acidic compound below and draw a rectangle around the least acidic molecule. .CH3 ОН SH NH2arrow_forward
- Parts A and B A. Circle the molecule with rhe lowest bp. HO- HO, B. Rank from most acidic (1) to least acidic (4) phenol p-nitrophenol p-methylphenol tert-butanolarrow_forwardWhy is compound la stonger base than compound I? H - H N. II O 1. Because compound II is more sterically hindered. O2. Because compound I is more stable than compound II. O 3. Because the lone pair on compound Iis part of a delocalized pi-system. O4. Because the lone pair on compound II is part of a delocalized pl-system.arrow_forward1. Fill in the missing information. CHOOSE CORRECT ANSWER FROM A, B, AND C. a. 1. Hg(OAc)2/THF-H2O 2. NaBH4, OH- b. 1. H3O+, (cold) 2. BH3: THF 3. H2O2, HO- c. 1. BH3: THF 2. H2O2, HO-arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning