Chapter 7, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The classification of bones by shapes.

Introduction:

Bone is the hardest structure present in the body. It is whitish color. The bones require calcium ion which makes it stronger. The bone makes the skeletal structure of the body and mainly consists of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. It plays an important role in calcium storage and releases calcium to the blood.

Explanation of Solution

There are four different types of bones present in the body that are classified according to their shapes. The four types of bones are:long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.

The detail description of .different types of bones are listed below:

(1)

Long bones:

The long bones are comprised of longitudinal axes along with the expanded ends. For example:forearm bones and thigh bones.

(2)

Short bones:

The short bones have a cubical structures and its length and widths are roughly equal. The examples of short bones are the bones present in wrists and ankles. The sesamoid bone is a short bone having a round shape. The bone present in the tendon area and the patella (kneecap) bone is also a sesamoid type of bone.

(3)

Flat bones:

The flat bones are comprised of plate-like structure having broad surfaces. The flat bones are present in the ribs, scapulae, and skull bones. Some of the skull bones are flat bones.

(4)

Irregular bones:

The irregular bones consist of different shapes and are connected to other bones. The irregular bones are present in the backbone of vertebrate and the facial bones.

Conclusion

There are four different types of bones present in the body. They are long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.