Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6PDQ
In general, when recombination experiments are conducted with bacteria, participating bacteria are mixed in complete medium, then transferred to a minimal growth medium. Why isn’t the protocol reversed: minimal medium first, complete medium second?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Two auxotrophic triple Escherichia coli strains (A: met- phe- ade- val+ bio+ thr+ and B:
met+ phe+ ade+ val- bio- thr-) are mixed in LB liquid medium, diluted and then spread on
LB solid rich medium. Six colonies are observed:
Then, replicates are performed on 6 different media (minimum medium + glucose + indicated
substances). The results are shown below. Determine the genotype of the 6 colonies observed.
Which ones are from strain A? From strain B? Which hypotheses can explain these results
and which one do you prefer?
met phe
val bio
Abbreviations:
met ade
val thr
phe ade
bio thr
Met: methionine; Phe: phenylalanine; Ade: adenine; Val: valine; Bio: biotin; Thr: threonine.
A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of a solution containing bacteriophages. This solution is serially diluted three times by combining 0.1 mL of each sequential dilution with 9.9 mL of liquid medium. Then 0.1 mL of the final dilution is plated in the plaque assay and yields 17 plaques. What is the initial density of bacteriophages in the original 1 mL?
We have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed. To experimentally determine the method of HGT that is happening, the following conditions are set up in different tubes of culture media:
A) Donor and recipient strain mixed together (control - no treatment).
B) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, DNase added (can digest DNA in solution, not within cells).C) Special tube containing a membrane filter (with pores that allow DNA and viruses to pass through, but not bacterial cells) that separates two compartments. Donor strain is added on one side, the recipient strain on the other (they are separated by the filter).D) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, with chemical that inactivates viruses (chemical affects bacteriophages in solution so they are unable to attach to cells).
The results:
Tubes A, B, and D: HGT was observed.
Tube C: HGT was NOT observed.
Based on this, which type of HGT was occurring?
Conjugation,…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 6 - When the interrupted mating technique was used...Ch. 6 - In a transformation experiment involving a...Ch. 6 - In complementation studies of the rII locus of...Ch. 6 - A 4-month-old infant had been running a moderate...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CSCh. 6 - Prob. 3CSCh. 6 - Prob. 4CSCh. 6 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we have focused...Ch. 6 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 123. Many...Ch. 6 - With respect to F+ and F bacterial matings, answer...
Ch. 6 - List all major differences between (a) the F+ F...Ch. 6 - Describe the basis for chromosome mapping in the...Ch. 6 - In general, when recombination experiments are...Ch. 6 - Why are the recombinants produced from an Hfr F...Ch. 6 - Describe the origin of F bacteria and merozygotes.Ch. 6 - In a transformation experiment, donor DNA was...Ch. 6 - Describe the role of heteroduplex formation during...Ch. 6 - Explain the observations that led Zinder and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 6 - Two theoretical genetic strains of a virus (abc...Ch. 6 - The bacteriophage genome consists of many genes...Ch. 6 - If a single bacteriophage infects one E. coli cell...Ch. 6 - A phage-infected bacterial culture was subjected...Ch. 6 - In recombination studies of the rII locus in phage...Ch. 6 - In an analysis of rII mutants, complementation...Ch. 6 - If further testing of the mutations in Problem 18...Ch. 6 - Using mutants 2 and 3 from Problem 19, following...Ch. 6 - During the analysis of seven rII mutations in...Ch. 6 - In studies of recombination between mutants 1 and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 23ESPCh. 6 - An Hfr strain is used to map three genes in an...Ch. 6 - A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of...Ch. 6 - In a cotransformation experiment, using various...Ch. 6 - For the experiment in Problem 26, another gene, g,...Ch. 6 - Bacterial conjugation, mediated mainly by...Ch. 6 - A study was conducted in an attempt to determine...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following is true of the gel electrophoresis shown? Note: Only one can be true... I'm between c or d. Previous answer confused me more. A) the power source has not been turned on yet. B) the three wells contained the same DNA molecules. C) well #1 had fewer molecules of DNA than well #2 or #3 D) well #3 had more different sized molecules of DNA than well #1 or #2arrow_forwardBacterial mutants can be classified on the basis of the method, Which is those methods?arrow_forwardConsider the following experiment. First, large populations of two mutant strains of Escherichia coli are mixed, each requiring a different, single amino acid. After plating them onto a minimal medium, 45 colonies grew. Which of the following may explain this result? A) The colonies may be due to back mutation (reversion). B) The colonies may be due to recombination. C) Either A or B is possible. D) Neither A nor B is possible.arrow_forward
- You are studying a microorganism that contains a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme, and looking for a clone of this microorganism that no longer contains the gene encoding CAT. Imagine you had an LB plate containing chloramphenicol. You streak an isolated colony of the Parent Strain and Clone A onto the same plate. Which of the following statements are true about the growth pattern after 24 hours in the incubator? Select all that apply? L-hlareeheticol LB chloremphenicel Parent Clune A Parent Clone A LD chlerephenicol 18 chloremphenitol Paremt Clone A Paront Clone A Plate A is the expected growth pattern as clone A should grow in the LB plate with chloramphenicol Plate B is the expected growth pattern as LB plate with chloramphenicol parent strain should grow in the Plate B is the expected growth pattern as clone A should not grow in the LB plate with chloramphenicol Plate A is the expected growth pattern as the parent strain should not grow in the LB plate with…arrow_forwardThe following image is of an agarose gel. If DNA samples were loaded to this gel and the electrophoresis experiment was started, explain what would happen and why.arrow_forwardA high cell density culture of recombinant E. coli was carried out according to the following strategy:-Step 1: single batch with exponential growth until 98% conversion of the substrate, starting from V0= 4.0 L, S0=50 g/L/ X0= 1.0 g/LStep 2: batch fed with exponential flow (SF-800 g/L, μ= 0.1 h-1) until reaching X= 50.9 g/L;Step 3: batch fed with constant flow (F= 0.1 L/h) for 4 hours (induction phase with IPTG)Note: consider that the quasi-steady state is reached in both fed-batch stages.Extra data: YX/S = 0.4 gx/gs; μmax= 0.25 h-1; Ks== 1.0 g/L a) What was the cell concentration reached at the end of step 1?b) For step 3, considering that the substrate concentration in the feed was 1/4 of that used in step 2, what was the concentration of cells reached at the end of step 3?C) In terms of cell productivity, which of the three phases of cultivation was the most productive?arrow_forward
- You generate several temperature sensitive mutant strains of bacteria. To study what genes might be affected, the mutant strains are cultured along with the normal parental strain at the permissive temperature (37°C) and then shifted at 10 minute intervals to the non permissive temperature (42°C). The only nucleotides in the growth environment are labeled with 32P. The amount of DNA at each step is measured by determining the amount of labeled nucleotides that have been incorporated into the DNA. The numbers refer to the relative amount of labeled nucleotides that have been incorporated. The following results are obtained.(picture) Which strains/strains, if any, has a mutation in a gene required for DNA replication? Explain your experimental predictions and the degree to which the data support/fail to support them.arrow_forwardAn E. coli colony grew on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and leucine. However, bacteria from this colony are unable to grow and form colonies on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and methionine. What is the genotype of the bacteria in this E. coli colony?arrow_forwardIn bacterial transformation, the purpose of having antibiotic within an agar plate is to: Select one: confirm which plasmids been have successfully ligated with a gene of interest. isolate bacteria which have been successfully transformed with the plasmid. indicate which plasmids were successfully digested by the endonuclease. act as a substrate which will be cleaved and produce a blue product when ligation is unsuccessful. show which plasmids contain the lacZ gene.arrow_forward
- What order should the steps be in for this culture method?arrow_forwardAt what stage of the culture should bacterial colonies be harvested for plasmid DNA extraction? How about for genomic DNA extraction? What distinguishes the xanthogenate-based methodology from the traditional phenol/chloroform method for isolating DNA from bacteria? What makes potassium ethyl xanthogenate efficient in isolating DNA from a variety of microorganisms?arrow_forwardIt is desired to isolate genomic DNA from liquid culture of S. cerevisiae yeast. A commercial kit will be used to isolate genomic DNA from this liquid culture. Answer the following questions to understand the strategy used by commercial kits for genomic DNA isolation. a) List all the steps from cell pellet preparation to DNA elution. b) With which feature can the membrane in the column that comes with the commercial kit bind DNA? c) Which component in the kit would you use to recover the DNA from the membrane of the column to which the DNA was attached?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license