Consider conditions for which a fluid with a free stream velocity of V = 1 m/s flows over a surface with a characteristic length of L = 1 m, providing an average convection heat transfer coefficient of h ¯ = 100 Wm 2 ⋅ K . Calculate the dimensionless parameters N u ¯ L , R e L , P r , and j ¯ H for the following fluids: air, engine oil, mercury, and water. Assume the fluids to be at 300 K.
Consider conditions for which a fluid with a free stream velocity of V = 1 m/s flows over a surface with a characteristic length of L = 1 m, providing an average convection heat transfer coefficient of h ¯ = 100 Wm 2 ⋅ K . Calculate the dimensionless parameters N u ¯ L , R e L , P r , and j ¯ H for the following fluids: air, engine oil, mercury, and water. Assume the fluids to be at 300 K.
Consider conditions for which a fluid with a free stream velocity of
V
=
1
m/s
flows over a surface with a characteristic length of
L
=
1
m,
providing an average convection heat transfer coefficient of
h
¯
=
100
Wm
2
⋅
K
.
Calculate the dimensionless parameters
N
u
¯
L
,
R
e
L
,
P
r
,
and
j
¯
H
for the following fluids: air, engine oil, mercury, and water. Assume the fluids to be at 300 K.
12-82. The roller coaster car trav-
els down the helical path at con-
stant speed such that the paramet-
ric equations that define its posi-
tion are
x = c sin kt, y = c cos kt,
z = h - bt, where c, h, and b
are constants. Determine the mag-
nitudes of its velocity and accelera-
tion.
Prob. 12-82
N
Given:
=
refueling Powertran
SOURCE EMISSIONS
vehide
eff
eff
gasoline 266g co₂/kwh-
HEV
0.90
0.285
FLgrid 411ilg Co₂/kWh
41111gCo₂/kWh
EV
0.85
0.80
Production
11x10% og CO₂
13.7 x 10°g CO₂
A) Calculate the breakeven pont (in km driven) for a EV
against on HEV in Florida
of 0.1kWh/kM
Use a drive cycle conversion
5) How efficient would the powertrain of the HEV in this
example have to be to break even with an EV in Florida
after 150,000 Miles of service (240,000) km
Is it plausible to achieve the answer from pert b
Consideans the HaXINERY theoretical efficiency of
the Carnot cycle is 5020 and there are additional
losses of the transMISSION :- 90% efficiency
?
c
A what do
you conclude is the leading factor in why
EVs are less emissive than ICE,
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