Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 2TYU
When a signaling molecule binds with a receptor, (a) G proteins are inactivated (b) a third messenger is activated (c) cell signaling is terminated (d) cAMP is produced by the receptor (e) the receptor becomes activated
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Which receptor undergoes clustering and autophosphorylation in response to activation by a signal?
Group of answer choices:
a)Ligand-gated ion channels
b)Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs)
c)G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)
d)Nuclear Receptors
An extracellular signaling molecule binds to cell surface receptor. This cell surface receptor changes shape and activates a trimeric G-protein. What kind of receptor is this?
a) Ion-channel coupled receptor
b) Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
c) G-Protein coupled receptor
d) All of the other answers are correct
e) Enzyme-coupled receptor
G proteins (a) relay a message from an activated receptor to an enzyme that activates a second messenger (b) are GTP molecules (c) terminate cell signaling (d) directly activate protein kinases (e) function as first messengers
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 6.1 - Describe the four main processes essential for...Ch. 6.1 - What is the sequence of events that takes place in...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.2 - Compare three types of signaling molecules:...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 6.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.3 - Identify mechanisms that make reception a highly...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 6.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 6.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 6.4 - Trace the sequence of events in signal...Ch. 6.4 - How is an extracellular signal converted to an...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 6.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 6.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.6 - Cite evidence supporting a long evolutionary...Ch. 6.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 6 - During signal transduction (a) the cell converts...Ch. 6 - When a signaling molecule binds with a receptor,...Ch. 6 - G proteinlinked receptors (a) inactivate G...Ch. 6 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 6 - Calcium ions (a) can act as second messengers (b)...Ch. 6 - When growth hormone binds to an enzyme-linked...Ch. 6 - Scaffold proteins (a) release kinases and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 6 - More than 500 genes have been identified in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 6 - EVOLUTION LINK Cell signaling in plant and animal...Ch. 6 - EVOLUTION LINK Some of the same G proteinlinked...Ch. 6 - Prob. 16TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Fat-soluble signaling molecules cross the cell membrane; but they affect only the target cells because: A) Only in target cells is the signaling molecule capable of initiating the phosphorylation chain that activates ion channels. B) only target cells have enzymes that break down the signaling molecule C) intracellular receptors are present only on target cells D) only targets have the appropriate DNA segmentsarrow_forwardWhen activated extracellularly, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate which of the following? (select all that apply) a G protein signaling mechanism inside the cell. b) A G protein signaling mechanism outside the cell. c) Transporters to uptake degraded neurotransmitters for recycling. d) The release of neurotransmitter molecules into the postsynaptic cell.arrow_forwardWhen a chemical signal binds to an intracellular receptor ... a) ... it leads to the activation of G proteins. b) ... causes the receptor-hormone complex to open or close ion channels. c) ... the cell reacts faster than when a chemical signal binds to membrane-bound receptors. d) ... it leads to the formation of mRNA. e) ... the chemical signal is usually a large, water-soluble molecule.arrow_forward
- In intercellular signaling pathways, some receptor proteins can also act as a transcription factor (changing gene expression), because these receptors are ________. A) Group of answer choices B) Intracellular receptors C) Membrane bound receptors D) G protein coupled receptors E) Enzyme linked receptors F) Fast ligand-gated ion channelsarrow_forwardEach adenylyl cyclase molecule produces many cAMP molecules in an example of (a) receptor up-regulation (b) receptor down-regulation (c) signal amplification (d) scaffolding (e) similarities produced by evolutionarrow_forwardDuring signal transduction (a) the cell converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal that leads to a change in some cell process (b) a signaling molecule directly activates or represses several genes (c) each enzymecatalyzes production of one molecule of product (d) enzymes in the signal cascade remain active until the last component of the pathway alters a cellular process (e) the signal is terminated by cyclic AMParrow_forward
- Endothelins are 21-amino acid vasoconstricting peptides produced primarily in the endothelium. They have an important role in vascular homeostasis. Endothelin activates G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) ETA or ETB on a target cell. Which subunit of heterotrimeric G protein is released when the receptor is activated? a.) gamme b.) beta c.) alphaarrow_forward1)The concept of saturation is defined as? a) The ability of a receptor to bind only one type or a limited number of structurally related types of chemical messengers. b) The degree to which receptors are occupied by messengers. c) A decrease in the total number of target-cell receptors for a given messenger d) The increased responsiveness of a target cell to a given messenger 2. Phosphodiesterase activity produces one of the following actions a) Breakdown cAMP b) Increases cAMP c) Increases PKC activity d) Increases cytosolic IP3 levels 3. Phospholipase C leads to one of the following? a) Increase in cAMP b) Breakdown of cAMP c) Increase in cytosolic levels of IP3 and DAG d) A decrease in cytosolic Ca++ concentrationarrow_forwardThe receptors for lipid-soluble signaling molecule, such as steroid hormones, are located: A) in the nucleus of the target cell B) in the cytoplasm of the target cell C) in the bloodstream D) inserted into the membrane of the target cell E) Lipid-insoluble hormones do not need receptorsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true? Question 2 options: a) All cells will respond to the hormonal signal because hormones are broadcast throughout the body. b) The regulation of inflammatory responses at the site of an infection is an example of paracrine signaling. c) Paracrine signaling involves the secretion of stimuli into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the organism. d) The axons of neurons typically signal target cells using membrane-bound signaling molecules that act on receptors in the target cells.arrow_forwardScaffold proteins (a) release kinases and phosphatases into the extracellular fluid (b) bind G proteins to cell membranes (c) increase accuracy but slow signaling cascades (d) organize groups of intracellular signaling moleculesinto signaling complexes (e) are transcription factors found mainly in plant cellsarrow_forwardSelect any of the regulator mechanisms that would amplify cAMP signaling. A) Cell produces more adenylyl cyclase B) Cell produces more phosphodiesterase C) A drug inhibits phosphodiesterase D) A drug inhibits phospholipasearrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license