Basic Biomechanics
Basic Biomechanics
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073522760
Author: Susan J Hall
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 6, Problem 10IP
Summary Introduction

To determine: The force exerted by our own biceps.

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ney: Load (L) = 5 kgs = Effort E = Fulcrum Weight of forearm = 1.8 kgs L = Load Biceps brachii muscle Distance of load from elbow joint = 35 cm %3D Effort (E) = contraction of biceps brachii Distance of center of mass of forearm from elbow = 17 cm Distance of tendon from elbow = 4 cm A) Draw the free-body diagram to represent the forces and moments Load (L) = weight of object plus forearm B) Write the torque equation for static equilibrium Fulcrum (F) = elbow joint
With the shoulder flexed at 30°, the moment arm of the deltoid muscle is 2.0 cm. Solve for the force exerted by the deltoid muscle at the glenohumeral joint give the following assumptions: The deltoid is the only active muscle at the glenohumeral joint The weight of the humerus is 48 N. The center of gravity of the humerus is located 30 cm from the shoulder center of rotation STATIC EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS CONSIDERING ONLY THE DELTOID MUSCLE Fo MA = 18 Cn COR B=55". 0-30° RaF 30 cm FG = 24 N
The graphs below show the force-versus-shortening-velocity and power-versus- shortening-velocity curves for four muscles in the human lower extremity. Note that these curves show this relationship only for shortening activations (positive shortening velocities), not lengthening activations. And, note that the values displayed on the axes of the graphs are absolute (not normalized) values of force, power, and velocity. These graphs apply to the next three questions. Force vs Shortening Velocity Power vs Shortening Velocity 1,500 400 1,200 300 2 900 200 600 100 300 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Shortening Velocity (m/s) Shortening Velocity (m/s) muscle 1 muscle 3 muscle 2 muscle 4 Force (N) Power (W)
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