Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 38, Problem 2VCQ
Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true?
- The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate.
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Skeletal muscle will be released in its contracted (rigor) state when:
Group of answer choices
ATP is hydrolyzed into forming ADP and inorganic phosphate.
ATP binds to the myosin head.
ADP is dissociated from the myosin head.
ATP binds to the actin G-molecule.
Which of the following does not occur during muscle
contraction?
Release of calcium into sarcoplasm
Unmasking of myosin binding sites on actin
Binding of ATP on actin head
Shortening of sarcomere
Humming birds and rattlesnakes can contract and relax skeletal muscle very quickly,
i.e. in 10-20 milliseconds. Which of the following steps must they have shortened to
speed up contractions?
more brief neuronal action potentials
more brief skeletal muscle attion potentials
shorter duration of calcium in the cytosol
all of the above
Chapter 38 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 38 - Figure 38.19 Which of the following statements...Ch. 38 - Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements...Ch. 38 - Figure 38.38 The deadly nerve gas Sarin...Ch. 38 - The forearm consists of the radius and ulna radius...Ch. 38 - The pectoral girdle consists of the: clavicle and...Ch. 38 - All of the following are groups of vertebrae...Ch. 38 - Which of these is a facial bone? frontal occipital...Ch. 38 - Which of the following is not a true statement...Ch. 38 - The Haversian canal: is arranged as rods or plates...Ch. 38 - The epiphyseal plate: is arranged as rods or...
Ch. 38 - The cells responsible for bone resorption are...Ch. 38 - Compact bone is composed of trabeculae compacted...Ch. 38 - Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become...Ch. 38 - While assembling a skeleton of a new species, a...Ch. 38 - Synchondroses and symphyses are synovial joints...Ch. 38 - The movement of bone away from the midline of the...Ch. 38 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 38 - The elbow is an example of which type of joint?...Ch. 38 - A high ankle sprain iis an injury caused by over...Ch. 38 - In relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on...Ch. 38 - The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called a...Ch. 38 - The muscle relaxes if no new nerve signal arrives....Ch. 38 - The ability of a muscle to generate tension...Ch. 38 - Botulinum toxin causes flaccid paralysis of the...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between the male...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between the pelvic...Ch. 38 - Both hydrostatic and exoskeletons can protect...Ch. 38 - Scoliosis is a medical condition where the spine...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between spongy bone...Ch. 38 - What are the roles of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and...Ch. 38 - Thalidomide was a morning sickness drug given to...Ch. 38 - What movements occur at the hip joint and knees as...Ch. 38 - What movements) occur(s) at the scapulae when you...Ch. 38 - Describe the joints and motions involved in taking...Ch. 38 - How would muscle contractions be affected if ATP...Ch. 38 - What factors contribute to the amount of tension...Ch. 38 - What effect will low blood calcium have on...Ch. 38 - Skeletal muscles can only produce a mechanical...
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- Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a. calcium ions b. ATP c. arrival of a nerve impulse d. all of the abovearrow_forwardIn the diagram below, label the fine structure of a muscle, down to one of its myofibrils. Identify the basic unit of contraction in a myofibril.arrow_forwardYou are training athletes for the 100-meter dash. They need muscles specialized for speed and strength, not endurance. What muscle characteristics would your training regimen aim to develop? How would you alter it to train a long-distance swimmer?arrow_forward
- After death, a person no longer makes ATP, so calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum diffuses down its concentration gradient into the muscle cytoplasm. This result is rigor mortis----an unbreakable state of muscle contraction that stiffens the body for a few days until muscles begin to decay. Explain why this contraction occurs.arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly states the importance of an action potential to muscle contration? The SR will only release Ca2+ if it has been electrically stimulated. Sarcomeres require a negative electrical charge to start sliding. Actin and myosin must be electrically charged to create a cross-bridge. ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pi without an action potential.arrow_forwardWhich of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomerearrow_forward
- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps requires hydrolysis of ATP to complete? movement of myosin head, pulling the thin filament binding of myosin head to active site on actin resetting of the myosin head back to its ready position letting go of myosin head from the active site on actin sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actinarrow_forwardWhich of the following happens within the sarcomere during muscle contraction? The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin filaments bidirectionally towards the Z lines. The myosin filaments shorten. The actin filaments shorten. The H bands and I bands both increase in width.arrow_forwardIn the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately comes after the propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules of a myofiber? sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin binding of myosin head to actin's active site release of calcium from the terminal cisternae binding of acetylcholine to its receptor influx of sodium at the sarcolemmaarrow_forward
- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the influx of sodium into a myofiber at the neuromuscular junction? release of calcium from the terminal cisternae sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules binding of myosin head to actin's active site binding of acetylcholine to its receptorarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true regarding muscle contraction? When a muuscle contracts, the sarcomere remains the same size. When a muscle contracts, the H-zone becomes narrower (shortens). When a muscle contracts, the lighter I-band becomes wider. When a muscle contracts, the A-band shortens.arrow_forwardAccording to the sliding filament mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction, during contraction: The thick filaments stay the same size but the thin filaments shorten. The thin filaments stay the same size but the thick filaments shorten. Both thick and thin filaments shorten. The sarcomeres shorten.arrow_forward
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