Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 38, Problem 31CTQ
Thalidomide was a morning sickness drug given to women that caused babies to be bom without arm bones. If recent studies have shown that thalidomide prevents the formation of new blood vessels, describe the type of bone development inhibited by the drug and what stage of ossification was affected.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Some events that occur in endochondral ossification are listed below.
I. Blood vessels invade the perichondrium.
II. Secondary ossification center form & epiphysis fill with spongy bone.
III. Chondrocytes enlarge and matrix begins to calcify.
IV. Osteoblasts form spongy bone within the center shaft at the primary ossification center.
V. Osteoclasts break down some spongy bone to create a marrow cavity.
Which shows the correct sequence of events?
Group of answer choices
I, III, V, IV, II
I, V, III, IV, II
III, I, V, IV, II
III, I, IV, V, II
A race between two runners is often used as an analogy to describe the mechanism of endochondral ossification. Review endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, who are the two runners? Did each runner begin the race at the same time? Who is in the lead? How does the race end?
I have some ideas but cannot decide. I was first thinking condrocytes and osteoblasts with osteoblasts finishing first with the compact bone, but then I was thinking of blasts and clasts as one builds and one removes. Also, I thought, well maybe, cartilage and osteoblasts.
Which is/are NOT a characteristic feature(s) of the cartilage degeneration mechanisms with osteoarthritis?
A. Loss of cartilage compressibility
B. Horizontal cracks parallel to articular surface cause large pieces of cartilage to break off
C. Cartilage wear is abrupt, quickly progressing from normal to completely worn
D.
Cartilage pitting leads to chondrocyte necrosis and autolysis
E.
Deeper chondrocytes proliferate and cluster in large lacunae in response to increasing loads
B and C
F.
G.
H.
C and D
None of the above
Chapter 38 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 38 - Figure 38.19 Which of the following statements...Ch. 38 - Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements...Ch. 38 - Figure 38.38 The deadly nerve gas Sarin...Ch. 38 - The forearm consists of the radius and ulna radius...Ch. 38 - The pectoral girdle consists of the: clavicle and...Ch. 38 - All of the following are groups of vertebrae...Ch. 38 - Which of these is a facial bone? frontal occipital...Ch. 38 - Which of the following is not a true statement...Ch. 38 - The Haversian canal: is arranged as rods or plates...Ch. 38 - The epiphyseal plate: is arranged as rods or...
Ch. 38 - The cells responsible for bone resorption are...Ch. 38 - Compact bone is composed of trabeculae compacted...Ch. 38 - Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become...Ch. 38 - While assembling a skeleton of a new species, a...Ch. 38 - Synchondroses and symphyses are synovial joints...Ch. 38 - The movement of bone away from the midline of the...Ch. 38 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 38 - The elbow is an example of which type of joint?...Ch. 38 - A high ankle sprain iis an injury caused by over...Ch. 38 - In relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on...Ch. 38 - The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called a...Ch. 38 - The muscle relaxes if no new nerve signal arrives....Ch. 38 - The ability of a muscle to generate tension...Ch. 38 - Botulinum toxin causes flaccid paralysis of the...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between the male...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between the pelvic...Ch. 38 - Both hydrostatic and exoskeletons can protect...Ch. 38 - Scoliosis is a medical condition where the spine...Ch. 38 - What are the major differences between spongy bone...Ch. 38 - What are the roles of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and...Ch. 38 - Thalidomide was a morning sickness drug given to...Ch. 38 - What movements occur at the hip joint and knees as...Ch. 38 - What movements) occur(s) at the scapulae when you...Ch. 38 - Describe the joints and motions involved in taking...Ch. 38 - How would muscle contractions be affected if ATP...Ch. 38 - What factors contribute to the amount of tension...Ch. 38 - What effect will low blood calcium have on...Ch. 38 - Skeletal muscles can only produce a mechanical...
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- The opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass is a ____________. foramen foramina process symphysisarrow_forwardThe surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity is known as osteclasis._________________arrow_forwardOsteomalacia, also known as adult rickets, is abnormal softening of bones in adults. ______ _______ _______ _______arrow_forward
- Mineralization of bone tissue requires_______. a. calcium ions b. osteoclasts c. elastin d. all of the abovearrow_forwardAmong other bones, the axial skeleton includes the_____. a. thoracic cage and vertebral column b. thoracic cage and pectoral girdle c. skull and pelvic girdle d. pectoral and pelvic girdlesarrow_forwardPredict what would happen if osteoclasts did not function properly during endochondral and intramembranous ossificationarrow_forward
- Describe the steps of endochondral ossificationarrow_forwardA bone tumor disrupts the normal structure of osteons, replacing the organized rings with disorganized, irregular masses of bone. How will this affect the ability of a bone to perform its functions?arrow_forwardExplain how the two growth plates in a long bone account for the ability of a long bone to lengthenarrow_forward
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