Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 58, Problem 4Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
Whether the conservation strategies for puma population be focused on Santa Ana mountains, peninsular range or both the regions.
Given:
The data shows the reasons for the mortality in a species of puma (Puma concolor) in two regions of South California (Table 1).
Table 1: The reasons for the mortality in a species of puma (Puma concolor)
| Mortality percentage (number of individuals) | ||||
| Reason of mortality | Santa Ana mountains | Peninsular range | Total | |
| Vehicle collision | 46 (6) | 19 (4) | 28 (10) | |
| Killed for public safety | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | |
| Illegal hunting (poaching) | 23 (3) | 4 (1) | 11 (4) | |
| Legal hunting | 0 (0) | 26 (6) | 17 (6) | |
| Suspected disease | 8 (1) | 13 (3) | 11 (4) | |
| Confirmed disease | 8 (1) | 9 (2) | 5 (2) | |
| Fire | 8 (1) | 4 (1) | 5 (2) | |
| Intraspecies killing | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | |
| Capture-related | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | |
| Unknown causes | 15 (2) | 13 (3) | 14 (5) | |
| Total | 13 | 23 | 36 | |
Introduction:
A study was conducted to determine the population of Puma in Santa Ana mountains and Peninsular range of South California. It is a threatened species, which faces danger from habitat destruction and fragmentation and from human conflicts. These factors have led to the isolation of this species and decline in their number, which has ultimately contracted their gene pool size.
Two populations of this species are separated by highways into two regions mentioned above. Santa Ana mountains are better developed in comparison to the Peninsular range, which is basically an agricultural area. The cat species was radio-collared to observe their movement from 2001 to 2013.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 58 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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