Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 54, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Food chain represents the transfer of food energy from one trophic level to successive trophic levels. A food chain begins with the producers that synthesize food by the process of photosynthesis. The producers are eaten by herbivores which in turn are eaten by carnivores. The carnivores are then eaten by some other carnivores or get decomposed by micro-organisms after they die. In this way a chain forms which is called as the food chain.
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Chapter 54 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 54.1 - Explain how competition, predation, and mutualism...Ch. 54.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 54.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 24.14 illustrates how a...Ch. 54.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 54.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 54.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 54.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Rising atmospheric CO2, levels...Ch. 54.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 54.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 54.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 54.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 54.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 54.4 - WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilson's island...Ch. 54.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 54.5 - WHAT IF? Rabies, a viral disease in mammals, is...Ch. 54 - Interspecific interactions affect the survival and...Ch. 54 - Based on indexes such as Shannon diversity, is a...Ch. 54 - Is the disturbance pictured in figure 54.25 more...Ch. 54 - How have periods of glaciation influenced...Ch. 54 - Prob. 54.5CRCh. 54 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 54 - The principle of competitive exclusion states that...Ch. 54 - Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis,...Ch. 54 - According to the island equilibrium model, species...Ch. 54 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 54 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 54 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 54 - The most plausible hypothesis to explain why...Ch. 54 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 54 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 54 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 54 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 54 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS In Batesian...Ch. 54 - Prob. 14TYU
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- Secondary producers are(a) Herbivores(b) Producers(c) Carnivores(d) None of the abovearrow_forwardWhich one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?(a) Producers(b) Primary consumers(c) Secondary consumers(d) Decomposersarrow_forwardIn a food web, two different species can directly affect each other’s abundance via _ competition or may in fact have their abundance indirectly regulated by a higher trophic level, a phenomenon called ____ competition. a) Intraspecific, apparent b) Interspecific, apparent c) Intraspecific, apparent d) Apparent, interspecificarrow_forward
- At which point in the trophic pyramid is the greatest arount (not percentage) of energy lost? A) Between the primary producers and the primary consumers B) Between the primary consumers and the secondary consumers C)Between the secondary consumers and the tertiary consumers D) Between the secondary consumers and the primary producersarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a consequence of biologicalmagnification?(A) Toxic chemicals in the environment pose greater risk totop-level predators than to primary consumers.(B) Populations of top-level predators are generally smallerthan populations of primary consumers.(C) The biomass of producers in an ecosystem is generallyhigher than the biomass of primary consumers.(D) Only a small portion of the energy captured by producersis transferred to consumers.arrow_forwarda) Each trophic level, on average, will move 10% of the energy tied up in molecules to the next trophic level. How much of the energy from the sun is actually brought in to the first trophic level? b) When the producers convert energy and tie it up in the first trophic level, it is brought in as heat. True or false? c) Which of the following are true about ecosystems? Check all that apply. They contain both living and nonliving components.They contain both living and nonliving components. There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy.There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy. Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem.Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem. They represent the lowest level of biological organization.They represent the lowest level of biological organization. The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is organic molecules.arrow_forward
- a) Describe the relative numbers of producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers expected in an ecosystem based on the food chain depicted below. b) Describe the shape that this pyramid of numbers would take. algae insect larvae yellow perch northern pike human c) If you were to include decomposers in the food chain above, where would you place them? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhich practice would most likely lead to the disruption of an aquatic ecosystem? (A) crop rotation (B) recycling (C) unregulated pesticide use (D) cover croppingarrow_forwardA complex of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem is called (a) an ecosystem (b) a pyramid of numbers (c) a pyramid of biomass (d) a biosphere (e) a food webarrow_forward
- In the Yellowstone National Park example, what happened to the aspen and willow trees after the extirpation of wolves? O a) herbivore populations increased b) herbivore populations declined c) plants declined in abundance d) plants increased in abundance e) no effectarrow_forwardIn terms of trophic levels and energy, why do you suppose that there are not many top predators around?arrow_forwardHow much energy is transferred up the energy pyramid from one trophic level to the next? (a) 90% (b) 50% (c) 10% (d) 10%–50%arrow_forward
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