Inorganic Chemistry
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321811059
Author: Gary L. Miessler, Paul J. Fischer, Donald A. Tarr
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 5.4, Problem 5.8E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: A molecular orbital diagram for
Concept Introduction:
Molecular orbital diagram is a descriptive tool that explains the
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The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase. OH playsan important part in combustion reactions and is a reactiveoxidizing agent in polluted air. The bond length and bondenergy have been measured to be 97.06 pm and 424.7 kJ/mol,respectively. Assume that the OH molecule is analogous to theHF molecule discussed in the chapter and that the MOs resultfrom the overlap of a pz orbital from oxygen and the 1s orbitalof hydrogen (the OOH bond lies along the z axis).
The diagram that follows shows the highest-energy occupiedMOs of a neutral molecule CX, where element X is in thesame row of the periodic table as C. (a) Based on the numberof electrons, can you determine the identity of X? (b) Wouldthe molecule be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? (c) Considerthe p2p MOs of the molecule. Would you expect them to havea greater atomic orbital contribution from C, have a greateratomic orbital contribution from X, or be an equal mixtureof atomic orbitals from the two atoms?
(a) Sketch the molecular orbitals of the H2- ion and draw itsenergy-level diagram. (b) Write the electron configuration ofthe ion in terms of its MOs. (c) Calculate the bond order inH2-. (d) Suppose that the ion is excited by light, so that anelectron moves from a lower-energy to a higher-energy molecularorbital. Would you expect the excited-state H2- ion to bestable? (e) Which of the following statements about part (d) is correct: (i) The light excites an electron from a bonding orbitalto an antibonding orbital, (ii) The light excites an electronfrom an antibonding orbital to a bonding orbital, or (iii)In the excited state there are more bonding electrons thanantibonding electrons?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Inorganic Chemistry
Ch. 5.1 - Repeat the process in the preceding example for...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.2ECh. 5.3 - Use a similar approach to the discussion of HF to...Ch. 5.4 - Sketch the energy levels and the molecular...Ch. 5.4 - Using the D2h character table shown, verify that...Ch. 5.4 - Using orbital potential energies, show that group...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 5.7ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.8ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.9ECh. 5.4 - Use the projection operator method to derive...
Ch. 5.4 - Determine the types of hybrid orbitals that are...Ch. 5.4 - Determine the reducible representation for all the...Ch. 5 - Expand the list of orbitais considered in Figures...Ch. 5 - On the basis of molecular orbitals, predict the...Ch. 5 - On the basis of molecular orbitals, predict the...Ch. 5 - Compare the bonding in O22,O2 and O2 Include Lewis...Ch. 5 - Although the peroxide ion, O22 and the acetylide...Ch. 5 - High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy has...Ch. 5 - a. Prepare a molecular orbital energy-level...Ch. 5 - a. Prepare a molecular orbital energy-level...Ch. 5 - NF is a known molecule a. Construct a molecular...Ch. 5 - The hypofluorite ion, OF can be observed only with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Although KrF+ and XeF+ have been studied, KrBr+...Ch. 5 - Prepare a molecular orbital energy level diagram...Ch. 5 - Methylene, CH2 plays an important role in many...Ch. 5 - Beryllium hydride, BeH2 is linear in the gas...Ch. 5 - In the gas phase, BeF2 forms linear monomeric...Ch. 5 - For the compound XeF2 do the following: a. Sketch...Ch. 5 - TaH5 has been predicted to have C4v symmetry, with...Ch. 5 - Describe the bonding in ozone, o3 on the basis of...Ch. 5 - Describe the bonding in SO3 by using group theory...Ch. 5 - The ion H3+ has been observed, but its structure...Ch. 5 - Use molecular orbital arguments to explain the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - The isomenc ions NSO (thiazate) and SNO...Ch. 5 - Apply the projection operator method to derive the...Ch. 5 - Apply the projection operator method to derive the...Ch. 5 - A set of four group orbitals derived from four 3s...Ch. 5 - The projection operator method has applications...Ch. 5 - Although the cl2+ ion has not been isolated, it...Ch. 5 - BF3 is often described as a molecule in which...Ch. 5 - SF4 has C2v symmetry. Predict the possible...Ch. 5 - Consider a square pyramidal AB5 molecule. Using...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.34PCh. 5 - For the molecule PCl5 : a. Using the character...Ch. 5 - Molecular modeling software is typically capable...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Calculate and display the orbitals for the linear...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.41PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Diborane, B2H6 , has the structure shown. a. Using...
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- The B2 molecule is paramagnetic; show how this indicates that the energy ordering of the orbitals in this molecule is given by Figure 6.18a rather than 6.18b.arrow_forwardThe photoelectron spectrum of HBr has two main groups of peaks. The first has ionization energy 11.88 eV. The next peak has ionization energy 15.2 eV, and it is followed by a long progression of peaks with higher ionization energies. Identify the molecular orbitals corresponding to these two groups of peaks.arrow_forwardCalcium carbide (CaC2) is an intermediate in the manufacturing of acetylene (C2H2) . It is the calcium salt of the carbide (also called acetylide) ion (C22) . What is the electron configuration of this molecular ion? What is its bond order?arrow_forward
- Considering only the molecular orbitals formed by combinations of the 2s atomic orbitals, how many molecular orbitals can be formed by 1000 Li atoms? In the lowest energy state, how many of these orbitals will be populated by pairs of electrons and how many will be empty?arrow_forwardThe molecular orbital diagram of NO shown in Figure 10.47 also applies to OF. Draw the complete molecular orbital diagram for OF. What is the OF bond order? Figure 10.47 Molecular orbital diagram for nitric oxide (NO). The molecular orbital diagram for NO predicts a bond order of 2.5 and predicts that the molecule is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron. These predictions are verified by experimental measurements.arrow_forwardThe existence of compounds of the noble gases was once a great surprise and stimulated a great deal of theoretical work. Sketch the molecular orbital energy level diagram for XeF and deduce its ground state electron configurations. Is XeF likely to have a shorter bond length than XeF+?arrow_forward
- Consider the H2+ ion. (a) Sketch the molecular orbitals ofthe ion and draw its energy-level diagram. (b) How manyelectrons are there in the H2+ ion? (c) Write the electronconfiguration of the ion in terms of its MOs. (d) What isthe bond order in H2+? (e) Suppose that the ion is excitedby light so that an electron moves from a lower-energy toa higher-energy MO. Would you expect the excited-stateH2+ ion to be stable or to fall apart? (f) Which of the followingstatements about part (e) is correct: (i) The light excitesan electron from a bonding orbital to an antibonding orbital,(ii) The light excites an electron from an antibonding orbitalto a bonding orbital, or (iii) In the excited state there are morebonding electrons than antibonding electrons?arrow_forwardIndicate whether each statement is true or false. (a) s orbitalscan only make σ or σ* molecular orbitals. (b) The probabilityis 100% for finding an electron at the nucleus in a π* orbital.(c) Antibonding orbitals are higher in energy than bondingorbitals (if all orbitals are created from the same atomic orbitals).(d) Electrons cannot occupy an antibonding orbital.arrow_forwardPlease don't provide handwritten solution ...arrow_forward
- The existence of compounds of the noble gases was once a great surprise and stimulated a great deal of theoretical work. Sketch the molecular orbital energy level diagram for XeF and deduce its ground-state electron configurations. Is XeF likely to have a shorter or longer bond than XeF+?arrow_forward(a) What is the difference between hybrid orbitals and molecular orbitals? (b) How many electrons can be placed into each MO of a molecule? (c) Can antibonding molecular orbitals have electrons in them?arrow_forwardIf an electron is removed from a fluorine molecule, an F+2molecular ion forms.(a) Give the molecular electron configurations for F2 and F+2 (for the MOs constructed from valence AOs).(b) Give the bond order of each species.(c) Predict which species should be paramagnetic.(d) Predict which species has the greater bond dissociation energy.arrow_forward
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