Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.11, Problem 1MQ
Which phylogenetic domain includes species with optima of >100°C? What special techniques are required to culture them?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - Define the term generation. What is meant by the...Ch. 5.1 - How do binary fission and budding cell division...Ch. 5.1 - How does the biofilm growth mode differ from that...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.2 - What is a semilogarithmic plot and what...Ch. 5.2 - For an exponentially growing culture that...Ch. 5.2 - For testing a bacteriums response to a toxic...Ch. 5.2 - How is the generation time (g) of an exponentially...Ch. 5.3 - In which phase of the growth curve do cells divide...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.3 - Describe the growth cycle of a population of...Ch. 5.4 - How do microorganisms in a chemostat differ from...Ch. 5.4 - What happens in a chemostat if the dilution rate...Ch. 5.4 - Do pure cultures have to be used in a chemostat?Ch. 5.4 - How does a chemostat regulate growth rate and cell...Ch. 5.5 - Why would a complex culture medium for Leuconostoc...Ch. 5.5 - In which medium shown in Table 5.1, defined or...Ch. 5.5 - What is meant by the word sterile? Why is aseptic...Ch. 5.5 - How many cells could be present in a single...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.6 - What are some of the problems that can arise when...Ch. 5.6 - Using microscopic techniques, how could you tell...Ch. 5.6 - Are total cell counts useful if one does not know...Ch. 5.7 - Why is a viable count more sensitive than a...Ch. 5.7 - Describe how you would dilute a bacterial culture...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.7 - How does a viable count differ from a total count?Ch. 5.8 - List two advantages of using turbidity as a...Ch. 5.8 - Describe how you could use a turbidity measurement...Ch. 5.8 - How can turbidity be used as a measure of cell...Ch. 5.9 - How does a hyperthermophile differ from a...Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 5.9 - E. coli can grow at a higher temperature in a...Ch. 5.9 - Examine the graph in Figure 5.17. Why is the...Ch. 5.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 5.10 - What molecular adaptations to cold temperatures...Ch. 5.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.11 - Which phylogenetic domain includes species with...Ch. 5.11 - How does the membrane structure of...Ch. 5.11 - What is Taq polymerase and why is it important?Ch. 5.11 - How do cells of hyperthermophiles prevent heat...Ch. 5.12 - How does the concentration of H+ change when a...Ch. 5.12 - What terms are used to describe organisms whose...Ch. 5.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.12 - Concerning the pH of the environment and of the...Ch. 5.13 - What is the aw of pure water? What is the lower...Ch. 5.13 - What are compatible solutes, and when and why are...Ch. 5.13 - How does a halophile maintain positive water...Ch. 5.14 - How does an obligate aerobe differ from a...Ch. 5.14 - How does a reducing agent work? Give an example of...Ch. 5.14 - How does Superoxide dismutase or superoxide...Ch. 5.14 - Contrast an aerotolerant and an obligate anaerobe...Ch. 5.15 - Why is heat an effective sterilizing agent?Ch. 5.15 - What steps are necessary to ensure the sterility...Ch. 5.15 - Distinguish between the sterilization of...Ch. 5.15 - Contrast the terms thermal death time and decimal...Ch. 5.16 - Define D10 and explain why the killing dose for...Ch. 5.16 - Prob. 2MQCh. 5.16 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.16 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.17 - Distinguish between the antimicrobial effects of...Ch. 5.17 - Describe how the minimum inhibitory concentration...Ch. 5.17 - Distinguish between a sterilant, a disinfectant,...Ch. 5.17 - Describe the procedure for obtaining the minimum...Ch. 5 - A medium was inoculated with 5 106 cells/ml of...Ch. 5 - Escherichia coli but not Pyrolobus fumarii will...Ch. 5 - In which direction (into or out of the cell) will...
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- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was the first person to use a microscope and describe tiny animalcules. What is an animalcule? Describe major characteristics of an animalcule in terms of microbiology. Describe the size and living state of these animalcules. Please include: How are animalcules classified/identified? How do you form these classification groups? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt ✓ Paragraph B IU А VT² V ⠀arrow_forwardHow to interpret this phylogenetic tree (Maximum Likelihood)?arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the different methods of taxonomic identification, namely: (1) expert determination, (2) recognition, (3) comparison, and (4) use of keys and similar devices.arrow_forward
- Soalan / Question 3 a) Berikan fungsi utama kekunci dikotomi. Give the main function of dichotomous key b) Kenalpasti langkah-langkah untuk identifikasi spesis berdasarkan kekunci dikotomi. Identify steps for species identification based on dichotomous key. c) Berdasarkan kladogram pada Rajah 1, terangkan secara ringkas ciri-ciri pada label (i), (ii) dan (ii) Based on the cladogram in Figure 1, briefly describe the characteristics on (i), (ii) dan (ii) label. Conifers Lilies Mosses Ferns (outgroup) (ii) (ii) Node (i) Rajah / Figure 1arrow_forwardParaphrase/Describe the following dating methods: Law of Superposition, Dendrochronology, Paleomagnetism/archaeomagnetism, Radiocarbon dating, Potassium-Argon dating.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is FALSE regarding phylogenetic trees? 1) The branch lengths on the tree are scaled to molecular (DNA) changes and/or time. 2)Phylogenetic trees have shown us that there is much more bacterial diversity compared to eukaryotes. 3) Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relatedness of different organisms. 4). The branch lengths on the tree depict abiotic and biotic factors affecting speciation.arrow_forward
- Compare and Contrast the three common bacterial morphologies, ahich group shows the most common diversity in the number of possible arrangments?arrow_forward5) List the different levels of the taxonomic classification system, in the order of most inclusive to least inclusive: 6) When I was in college, I was taught a mnemonic (memory device) to remember the proper order of classification levels: Drunken Kings Play Chess On Fine-Grained S ? Create a mnemonic of your own that lists the levels in the order in which you listed them in question #5:arrow_forwardWhich of the following characteristic(s) is/are used byWhittaker for the classification of organisms ? (a) Mode of nutrition(b) Thallus organisation(c) Phylogenetic relationships(d) All of the above Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.arrow_forward
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