Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5.14, Problem 2MQ
How does a reducing agent work? Give an example of a reducing agent.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - Define the term generation. What is meant by the...Ch. 5.1 - How do binary fission and budding cell division...Ch. 5.1 - How does the biofilm growth mode differ from that...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.2 - What is a semilogarithmic plot and what...Ch. 5.2 - For an exponentially growing culture that...Ch. 5.2 - For testing a bacteriums response to a toxic...Ch. 5.2 - How is the generation time (g) of an exponentially...Ch. 5.3 - In which phase of the growth curve do cells divide...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.3 - Describe the growth cycle of a population of...Ch. 5.4 - How do microorganisms in a chemostat differ from...Ch. 5.4 - What happens in a chemostat if the dilution rate...Ch. 5.4 - Do pure cultures have to be used in a chemostat?Ch. 5.4 - How does a chemostat regulate growth rate and cell...Ch. 5.5 - Why would a complex culture medium for Leuconostoc...Ch. 5.5 - In which medium shown in Table 5.1, defined or...Ch. 5.5 - What is meant by the word sterile? Why is aseptic...Ch. 5.5 - How many cells could be present in a single...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.6 - What are some of the problems that can arise when...Ch. 5.6 - Using microscopic techniques, how could you tell...Ch. 5.6 - Are total cell counts useful if one does not know...Ch. 5.7 - Why is a viable count more sensitive than a...Ch. 5.7 - Describe how you would dilute a bacterial culture...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.7 - How does a viable count differ from a total count?Ch. 5.8 - List two advantages of using turbidity as a...Ch. 5.8 - Describe how you could use a turbidity measurement...Ch. 5.8 - How can turbidity be used as a measure of cell...Ch. 5.9 - How does a hyperthermophile differ from a...Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 5.9 - E. coli can grow at a higher temperature in a...Ch. 5.9 - Examine the graph in Figure 5.17. Why is the...Ch. 5.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 5.10 - What molecular adaptations to cold temperatures...Ch. 5.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.11 - Which phylogenetic domain includes species with...Ch. 5.11 - How does the membrane structure of...Ch. 5.11 - What is Taq polymerase and why is it important?Ch. 5.11 - How do cells of hyperthermophiles prevent heat...Ch. 5.12 - How does the concentration of H+ change when a...Ch. 5.12 - What terms are used to describe organisms whose...Ch. 5.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.12 - Concerning the pH of the environment and of the...Ch. 5.13 - What is the aw of pure water? What is the lower...Ch. 5.13 - What are compatible solutes, and when and why are...Ch. 5.13 - How does a halophile maintain positive water...Ch. 5.14 - How does an obligate aerobe differ from a...Ch. 5.14 - How does a reducing agent work? Give an example of...Ch. 5.14 - How does Superoxide dismutase or superoxide...Ch. 5.14 - Contrast an aerotolerant and an obligate anaerobe...Ch. 5.15 - Why is heat an effective sterilizing agent?Ch. 5.15 - What steps are necessary to ensure the sterility...Ch. 5.15 - Distinguish between the sterilization of...Ch. 5.15 - Contrast the terms thermal death time and decimal...Ch. 5.16 - Define D10 and explain why the killing dose for...Ch. 5.16 - Prob. 2MQCh. 5.16 - Prob. 3MQCh. 5.16 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5.17 - Distinguish between the antimicrobial effects of...Ch. 5.17 - Describe how the minimum inhibitory concentration...Ch. 5.17 - Distinguish between a sterilant, a disinfectant,...Ch. 5.17 - Describe the procedure for obtaining the minimum...Ch. 5 - A medium was inoculated with 5 106 cells/ml of...Ch. 5 - Escherichia coli but not Pyrolobus fumarii will...Ch. 5 - In which direction (into or out of the cell) will...
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- 13. Practice Calculations: 3 colonies were suspended in the following dilution series and then a viable plate count and microscope count was performed. Calculate IDF's, TDF's and then calculate the CFU/mL in each tube by both methods. Finally calculate the cells in 1 colony by both methods. Show all of your calculations in the space provided on the following pages. 3 colonies 56 cells 10 μL 10 μL 100 μL 500 με m OS A B D 5.0 mL 990 με 990 με 900 με 500 μL EN 2 100 με 100 μL 118 colonies 12 coloniesarrow_forwardDescribe and give a specific example of how successionary stage is related to species diversity?arrow_forwardExplain down bellow what happens to the cell in pictures not in words: Decreased pH in mitochondria Increased ATP Decreased pH in cytosol Increased hydrolysis Decreasing glycogen and triglycerides Increased MAP kinase activity Poor ion transport → For each one:→ What normally happens?→ What is wrong now?→ How does it mess up the cell?arrow_forward
- 1.) Community Diversity: The brown and orange line represent two different plant communities. a. Which color represents the community with a higher species richness? b. Which color represents the community with a higher species evenness? Relative abundance 0.1 0.04 0.001 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Rank abundance c. What is the maximum value of the Simpson's diversity index (remember, Simpson's index is D = p², Simpson's diversity index is 1-D)? d. If the Simpson's diversity index equals 1, what does that mean about the number of species and their relative abundance within community being assessed?arrow_forward1.) Community Diversity: The brown and orange line represent two different plant communities. a. Which color represents the community with a higher species richness? b. Which color represents the community with a higher species evenness? Relative abundance 0.1 0.04 0.001 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Rank abundance c. What is the maximum value of the Simpson's diversity index (remember, Simpson's index is D = p², Simpson's diversity index is 1-D)? d. If the Simpson's diversity index equals 1, what does that mean about the number of species and their relative abundance within community being assessed?arrow_forwardwhat measures can a mother to take to improve the produce of her to milk to her newborn baby ?arrow_forward
- 1. Color the line that represents all ancestors of the Eastern white pine tree green (but only the ancestral line NOT shared with other organisms) 2. Oncle the last common ancestor of the Colorado blue spruce tree and Eastern white pine tree. 3. Put a box around the last common ancestor of the sugar maple tree and the dogwood tree. 4. Put a triangle around the last common ancestor of the red pine tree and the american holly bush. 5. Color the line that represents all ancestors of the Ponderosa pine tree red (including all shared ancestors). 6. Color the line that represents all ancestors of the American elm tree blue (including all shared ancestors). 7 Color the line that represents all ancestors of the Sabal palm tree purple (including all shared ancestors) 8. Using a yellow highlighter or colored pencil, circle the clade that includes all pine trees. 9. Using a orange highlighter or colored pencil, circle the clade that includes all gymnosperms 10. Can you tell…arrow_forwardYou have been hired as a public relations specialist to give invertebrates a good name. After all, they are much more than just creepy crawly bugs! Your first task though is to convince yourself that is true. The best way to do that is to start close to home. Find something in your house that is a product obtained directly from an invertebrate or only due to an invertebrate’s actions. Describe the product, its function and utility, as well as any human manufactured alternatives. Be sure to highlight the advantages of obtaining this directly from nature. Keep in mind, a product can be something you use, wear, eat, or enjoy for its visual appeal.arrow_forwardUse the following tree diagram to answer Questions #8-10. 8) Which of the following two animals are the most closely related based on the tree to the left? a) Pig and camel b) Hippo and pig c) Deer and cow 9) CIRCLE on the tree diagram where the common ancestor between a hippo and a cow is. 10) Put a SQUARE on the tree diagram where the common ancestor between a pig and a peccary is.arrow_forward
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