Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 51, Problem 8TYU
EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior in terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, but evolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness. Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation. For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling in love” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
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EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behaviorin terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, butevolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness.Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation.For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling inlove” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
The northern red-legged frog, or Rana aurora, is found along the western coast from British Columbia to Northern
California. Their typical breeding season lasts from January to March. The foothill yellow-legged frog, or Rana boylii, is
found along the western coast from northern Oregon to central California. Their typical breeding season lasts from April to
July. What mechanism might keep Rana aurora and Rana boylii from mating?
anatomical isolation
temporal isolation
geographic isolation
behavioral isolation
How can behaviors be adaptive? Provide an example that includes support from the five tenants of evolution by natural selection: 1) overproduction of offspring, 2) variation in the population, 3) competition for resources, 4) adaptive advantage for some, and 5) reproduction for those who survive
Chapter 51 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 51.1 - If an egg rolls out of the nest, a mother greylag...Ch. 51.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you exposed various fish species...Ch. 51.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm...Ch. 51.2 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 51.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51.3 - Why does the mode of fertilization correlate with...Ch. 51.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 51.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an infection in a common...Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51 - How is migration based on circannual rhythms...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.2CRCh. 51 - In some spider species, the female eats the male...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.4CRCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 51 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 51 - Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 51 - Although many chimpanzees live in environments...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 51 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. DRAW IT You are...Ch. 51 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior...Ch. 51 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Scientists studying scrub jays...Ch. 51 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Researchers are...Ch. 51 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION Learning is...Ch. 51 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Acorn woodpeckers...
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- Activity: Factors involved in Natural Selection / Interpreting X-Y graphs The boldness of bass A recent study of largemouth bass, a type of freshwater fish, showed that individual fish have distinct personality types. The researchers looked at a fish's willingness to explore a new environment, which they called boldness. A more bold fish is one that will readily explore when placed in a new setting. Their study considers if boldness may be an adaptive trait, that is, subject to natural selection. The researchers therefore looked at the correlation between parent and offspring boldness scores, as shown in the figure. A. What pattern is illustrated by this figure? What factor(s) necessary for natural selection are shown in this graph? The association between the boldness scores OF Parents & Children is depicted in the image. Offspring boldness score I+ demonstrates the heredity Of audacity, an element required For natural selection 0.5- 0.0- -0.5- -1.0- 0.5 1.0 Parent boldness score…arrow_forwardPlease solvearrow_forwardIntrasexual selection involves competition among one sex (typically males) for mating access to the other sex. Intersexual selection involves mate choice in which individuals from one sex (typically females) choose their mates from among individuals of the other sex. Imagine a group of males that is engaged in agonistic behavior, from which Male A emerges triumphant. Now imagine a female that is assessing all of the males that were involved in the fights, and chooses Male A. Explain why this situation shows how intrasexual and intersexual selection pressures are likely both at play in the trait selection.arrow_forward
- Normally, male red ducks only try to mate with females of their own species. A researcher swapped eggs between the nests of red ducks and blue ducks (a different species) and found that if male red ducks were raised by female blue ducks, later in life they only tried to mate with female red ducks. Which of the following inferences is supported by these results? Group of answer choices The mate preference of male red ducks is environmental. The mate preference of male red ducks is genetic. The mate preference of male red ducks is innate. The mate preference of male red ducks is learned.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about evolutionary psychology? a. Natural selection works differently in humans than other animals. b. It is easy to test evolutionary hypotheses by doing experiments. c.Most social behaviors are genetically determined with little influence by the social environment. d. Evolutionary approaches can generate novel hypotheses about social behavior that can then be tested with experiments.arrow_forwardDefine natural selection using the 5 points below to explain its role in understanding primate behavior. (1) there is variation among individuals; (2) some of that variation is heritable; (3) there is always competition between individuals for resources; (4) some variants outcompete other variants and leave more offspring; (5) to the extent that the parent's traits are heritable, then a larger portion of the next generation will reflect those traits.arrow_forward
- Assume you are studying a species of slug where the eggs are fertilized and transferred to the male. As a result the male is not able to increase reproductive success by mating with multiple partners. Therefore which of the following about sexual selection in this species is not true? Females are more likely to develop traits that signal genetic quality to males. Females will be able to increase reproductive success with increased mating partners. Sexual selection in males will lead them to be choosy with what females they mate with. Sexual selection in males will lead them to mate indiscriminately when they find a female.arrow_forwardPlease help me and explainarrow_forwardPlease help me with this problemarrow_forward
- Clarify the difference between claiming that, a) some behaviours are genetically determined, versus b) some differences among individuals in behavioural phenotype are genetically determined. Are both claims valid in some circumstances? Use any suitable example you know about to justify your answer.arrow_forwardHow much of our behavior is determined by our genes versus the environment? Provide two examples of why or why not.What do you think are the pros and cons for an individual if they believe genes determine their behaviors? What are the pros and cons for individuals if they believe nature determines their behaviors? What do you think are the implications for society if we put a lot of weight on nature or nurture?arrow_forwardWhen discussing natural selection and behaviour, we often say that members of a species have certain behavioural traits because those traits are adaptive, in the sense that they increase inclusive fitness relative to alternative forms of those traits that have existed in the past. Instead of emphasizing the adaptiveness of behavioural traits, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on nervous system traits, increasing the prevalence within a population of particular patterns of neural circuitry and neurobiological mechanisms. As an alternative to emphasizing either the behaviour or the nervous system, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on genes; according to this perspective, certain forms of certain genes (ie., particular alleles) increase in prevalence within a population relative to alternative forms of those genes. Which, if any, of these three perspectives on natural selection and behaviour do you think is the most…arrow_forward
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