Fundamentals Of Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781119573968
Author: David Halliday
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 5, Problem 80P
An 80 kg person is parachuting and experiencing a downward acceleration of 2.5 m/s2. The mass of the parachute is 5.0 kg. (a) What is the upward force on the open parachute from the air? (b) What is the downward force on the parachute from the person?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
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Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
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?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 5 Solutions
Fundamentals Of Physics
Ch. 5 - Figure 5-19 gives the free-body diagram for four...Ch. 5 - Two horizontal forces, F1=(3N)i (4N)jandF2=(1N)i...Ch. 5 - In Fig. 5-21, forces F1 and F2 are applied to a...Ch. 5 - At time t = 0, constant F begins to act on a rock...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-22 shows overhead views of four...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-23 shows the same breadbox in four...Ch. 5 - July 17, 1981, Kansas City: The newly opened Hyatt...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-25 gives three graphs of velocity...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-26 shows a train of four blocks being...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-27 shows three blocks being pushed across...
Ch. 5 - A vertical force F is applied to a block of mass m...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-28 shows four choices for the direction...Ch. 5 - Only two horizontal forces act on a 3.0 kg body...Ch. 5 - Two horizontal forces act on a 2.0 kg chopping...Ch. 5 - If the 1 kg standard body has an acceleration of...Ch. 5 - While two forces act on it, a particle is to move...Ch. 5 - GO Three astronauts, propelled by jet backpacks,...Ch. 5 - In a two-dimensional tug-of-war, Alex, Betty, and...Ch. 5 - SSM There are two forces on the 2.00 kg box in the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8PCh. 5 - A 0.340 kg particle moves in an xy plane according...Ch. 5 - GO A 0.150 kg particle moves along an x axis...Ch. 5 - A 2.0 kg particle moves along an x axis, being...Ch. 5 - GO Two horizontal forces F1 and F2 act on a 4.0 kg...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-33 shows an arrangement in which four...Ch. 5 - A block with a weight of 3.0 N is at rest on a...Ch. 5 - SSM a An 11.0 kg salami is supported by a cord...Ch. 5 - Some insects can walk below a thin rod such as a...Ch. 5 - SSM WWW In Fig. 5-36, let the mass of the block be...Ch. 5 - In April 1974, John Massis of Belgium managed to...Ch. 5 - SSM A 500 kg rocket sled can be accelerated at a...Ch. 5 - A car traveling at 53 km/h hits a bridge abutment....Ch. 5 - A constant horizontal force Fa pushes a 2.00 kg...Ch. 5 - A customer sits in an amusement park ride in which...Ch. 5 - Tarzan, who weighs 820 N, swings from a cliff at...Ch. 5 - 24 There are two horizontal forces on the 2.0 kg...Ch. 5 - Sunjamming. A sun yacht is a spacecraft with a...Ch. 5 - The tension at which a fishing line snaps is...Ch. 5 - SSM An electron with a speed of 1.2 107 m/s moves...Ch. 5 - A car that weighs 1.30 104 N is initially moving...Ch. 5 - A firefighter who weighs 712 N slides down a...Ch. 5 - The high-speed winds around a tornado can drive...Ch. 5 - SSM WWW A block is projected up a frictionless...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-39 shows an overhead view of a 0.0250 kg...Ch. 5 - An elevator cab and its load have a combined mass...Ch. 5 - GO In Fig. 5-40, a crate of mass m = 100 kg is...Ch. 5 - The velocity of a 3.00 kg particle is given by...Ch. 5 - Holding on to a towrope moving parallel to a...Ch. 5 - A 40 kg girl and an 8.4 kg sled are on the...Ch. 5 - A 40 kg skier skis directly down a frictionless...Ch. 5 - ILW A sphere of mass 3.0 104 kg is suspended from...Ch. 5 - GO A dated box of dates, of mass 5.00 kg, is sent...Ch. 5 - Using a rope that will snap if the tension in it...Ch. 5 - GO In earlier days, horses pulled barges down...Ch. 5 - SSM In Fig. 5-43, a chain consisting of five...Ch. 5 - A lamp hangs vertically from a cord in a de...Ch. 5 - An elevator cab that weighs 27.8 kN moves upward....Ch. 5 - An elevator cab is pulled upward by a cable. The...Ch. 5 - GO The Zacchini family was renowned for their...Ch. 5 - GO In Fig. 5-44, elevator cabs A and B are...Ch. 5 - In Fig. 5-45, a block of mass m = 5.00 kg is...Ch. 5 - GO Fig. 5-46, three ballot boxes are connected by...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-47 shows two blocks connected by a...Ch. 5 - An 85 kg man lowers himself to the ground from a...Ch. 5 - In Fig. 5-48, three connected blocks are pulled to...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-49 shows four penguins that are being...Ch. 5 - SSM ILW WWW Two blocks are in contact on a...Ch. 5 - GO In Fig. 5-51a, a constant horizontal force Fa...Ch. 5 - ILW A block of mass m1 = 3.70 kg on a frictionless...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-53 shows a man sitting in a bosuns chair...Ch. 5 - SSM A 10 kg monkey climbs up a massless rope that...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-45 shows a 5.00 kg block being pulled...Ch. 5 - SSM ILW A hot-air balloon of mass M is descending...Ch. 5 - In shot putting, many athletes elect to launch the...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-55 gives, as a function of time t, the...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-56 shows a box of mass m2 = 1.0 kg on...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-47 shows Atwoods machine, in which two...Ch. 5 - GO Figure 5-57 shows a section of a cable-car...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-58 shows three blocks attached by cords...Ch. 5 - A shot putter launches a 7.260 kg shot by pushing...Ch. 5 - In Fig. 5-59, 4.0 kg block A and 6.0 kg block B...Ch. 5 - An 80 kg man drops to a concrete patio from a...Ch. 5 - SSM Figure 5-60 shows a box of dirty money mass m1...Ch. 5 - Three forces act on a particle that moves with...Ch. 5 - SSM In Fig. 5-61, a tin of antioxidants m1 = 1.0...Ch. 5 - The only two forces acting on a body have...Ch. 5 - Figure 5-62 is an overhead view of a 12 kg tire...Ch. 5 - A block of mass M is pulled along a horizontal...Ch. 5 - SSM A worker drags a crate across a factory floor...Ch. 5 - In Fig. 5-64, a force F of magnitude 12 N is...Ch. 5 - A certain particle has a weight of 22 N at a point...Ch. 5 - An 80 kg person is parachuting and experiencing a...Ch. 5 - A spaceship lifts off vertically from the Moon,...Ch. 5 - In the overhead view of Fig. 5-65, five forces...Ch. 5 - SSM A certain force gives an object of mass m1 an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 84PCh. 5 - A 52 kg circus performer is to slide down a rope...Ch. 5 - Compute the weight of a 75 kg space ranger a on...Ch. 5 - An object is hung from a spring balance attached...Ch. 5 - Imagine a landing craft approaching the surface of...Ch. 5 - A 1400 kg jet engine is fastened to the fuselage...Ch. 5 - An interstellar ship has a mass of 1.20 106 kg...Ch. 5 - SSM A motorcycle and 60.0 kg rider accelerate at...Ch. 5 - Prob. 92PCh. 5 - SSM Figure 5-66a shows a mobile hanging from a...Ch. 5 - For sport, a 12 kg armadillo runs onto a large...Ch. 5 - Suppose that in Fig. 5-12, the masses of the...Ch. 5 - A nucleus that captures a stray neutron must bring...Ch. 5 - If the 1 kg standard body is accelerated by only...
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