Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118743164
Author: Jacquelyn G. Black, Laura J. Black
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 5, Problem 7SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The enzymes are the protein molecules that are synthesized by the cells of the living organisms. They act as biological catalysts to speed up the biochemical processes in the cell, but it is not used up in the process and can be used over again and again.
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a) Describe a specific chemical reaction that occurs within the human
body and state the name of the enzyme involved, the substrate(s)
of the reaction, and the specific product(s) formed.
b) Enzymes are not used up in chemical reactions. So, what exactly
does an enzyme do?
In your answer you should refer to activation energy.
c) Explain what is meant by the induced fit action of an enzyme,
referring to the role of the active site, and to the activation energy of
an enzyme-catalysed reaction.
statements regarding enzyme function is false?
Which of the following statements about enzyme character-istics is true?(a) Enzymes generally exhibit a high degree of specificityfor one particular substrate.(b) Enzyme-substrate complexes occur when a substratemolecule collides with the allosteric site of an enzyme.(c) Chemical bonds within a substrate are strength-ened when this substrate forms an enzyme-substratecomplex.(d) Enzymes have a region called the active site, which pro-vides an area where it can form a loose association withits substrate.(e) a and d.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Ch. 5 - How are photosynthesis and respiration related to...Ch. 5 - What is the main difference between...Ch. 5 - Distinguish between coenzyme and cofactor. How are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2.2SCCh. 5 - Prob. 3.1SCCh. 5 - If four actual molecules of ATP are produced for...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3.3SCCh. 5 - Prob. 3.4SCCh. 5 - Prob. 4.1SCCh. 5 - What is returned to chlorophyll in cyclic...
Ch. 5 - What were probably the first kind of...Ch. 5 - What type of metabolism is characteristic of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 5 - Suppose that you had a culture known to contain...Ch. 5 - In what sequence might the different kinds of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 5 - Which of the following is not true about...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2SQCh. 5 - Prob. 3SQCh. 5 - Prob. 4SQCh. 5 - Prob. 5SQCh. 5 - Prob. 6SQCh. 5 - Prob. 7SQCh. 5 - Prob. 8SQCh. 5 - All of the following statements about competitive...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10SQCh. 5 - What is feedback inhibition? (a) When the end...Ch. 5 - Which of the following is true regarding the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13SQCh. 5 - Prob. 14SQCh. 5 - During aerobic cell respiration most of the energy...Ch. 5 - The typical end products of complete aerobic cell...Ch. 5 - Prob. 17SQCh. 5 - The end products of photosynthesis in...Ch. 5 - Which of the following final electron acceptors is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 20SQCh. 5 - Prob. 21SQ
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- If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate andproduct are in equilibrium, what will occur?(A) Additional substrate will be formed.(B) The reaction will change from endergonic to exergonic.(C) The free energy of the system will change.(D) Nothing; the reaction will stay at equilibrium.arrow_forwardThe text discusses three forms of enzyme inhibition: uncompetitive inhibition, competitive inhibition, and irreversible inhibition.(a) Describe how an enzyme inhibitor of each type works.(b) What kinds of bonds are formed between an enzymeand each of these three kinds of inhibitors?arrow_forwardAll of the following statements about competitive and non-competitive inhibitors are true EXCEPT:(a) Competitive inhibitors are structurally similar to anenzyme’s substrate and bind to the enzyme’s allostericsite.(b) Competitive inhibitors work by competing with a sub-strate for binding to an enzyme’s active site.(c) Noncompetitive inhibitors can bind at sites other thanthe active site of an enzyme, distorting the tertiary pro-tein structure, which alters the shape of the active site,rendering it ineffective for substrate binding.(d) Some noncompetitive inhibitors bind reversibly whilesome bind irreversibly to their enzyme.(e) b and d.arrow_forward
- a) What is the Steady State assumption; how does steady state differ from equilibrium? b) Transition state; what are two ways that enzymes can decrease the transition state energy?arrow_forwardThe active site of an enzyme is usually a groove or pocket on the surface that A) binds allosteric regulators of the enzyme. B) is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme. C) is inhibited by the presence of a coenzyme or a cofactor.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about enzymes. a) Enzymes are catalysts and they increase the rate of a reaction while they are not altered by the reaction. b) Enzymes are proteins that can be denatured by changes in pH or temperature. c) Enzymes are highly specific for the substrates they react with and catalyze only one or a limited set of possible reactions with those substrates. d) All of these are true about enzymes e) None of these are true about enzymesarrow_forward
- A competitive inhibitor diminishes the rate of catalysis: A) By reducing the proportion of enzyme molecules bound to a substrate. OB) By altering the shape of the active site of the enzyme C) By binding to a regulatory subunit D) By enhancing the interaction between enzyme and reaction productarrow_forwardWhich statement best summarizes the structure of an enzyme before and after it catalyzes a reaction? a.) Its structure is the same. b.) It gains a water molecule in the reaction. c.) It loses a carbon atom in the reaction. d.) It loses a hydrogen atom in the reaction,arrow_forwardgive the properties of the enzyme (e.g., shape, size, colour, price). a) amylase b) invertasearrow_forward
- Choose the best answer The active site of an enzyme is the place where the following happens: a)The enzyme-substrate complex forms and the reaction occurs at the active site. b)The enzyme substrate complex forms here. c)The catalytic reaction happens here. d)Allosteric regulation of enzyme rate occurs here. e)All of these are correct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true of enzymes? a) They may interact chemically with their substrates b) They may catalyze a reaction in both forward and reverse directions. c) They may alter Keq for the reaction that they catalyze. d) They may decrease the entropy of their substrates.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would best explain how an enzyme catalyzes two different reactions? A) The enzyme contains a-helices and B-pleated sheets. B) The enzyme is subject to cooperativity C) Either the enzyme has two distinct active sites or the substrates involved in the two reactions have very similar structures D) The enzyme is subject to competitive inhibition and allosteric regulation E) The enzyme is composed of at least two subunitsarrow_forward
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