Chapter 5, Problem 40Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The assumptions that are crucial to the validity of Dalton’s law of partial pressure have to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ideal gas law is applicable to those gases which obey Boyle’s law and Charles’s law. The ideal gas equation can be obtained by combining the equations of Boyle’s law and Charles’s law.

At constant temperature, (Boyle’s law)

$\text{Pα}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{V}}$

At constant volume, (Charles’s law)

$\text{PαT}$

By combining the above equations,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Pα}\frac{\text{T}}{\text{V}}\\ \\ \text{PVαT}\\ \\ \text{PV=RT}\end{array}$

Where R= proportionality constant called as gas constant.

The general equation for ideal gas law is written as,

$\text{PV=nRT}$

Where n= number of moles

Dalton’s law of partial pressure states that the total partial pressure is equal to the individual partial pressure. The expression for Dalton’s law of partial pressure is given by

${\text{P}}_{\text{tot}}{\text{=P}}_{\text{1}}{\text{+P}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+P}}_{\text{3}}\mathrm{......}{\text{P}}_{\text{n}}$

Where n represent the partial pressure of n component