Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 29CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The structure and organization of mitochondrial and chloroplast genome. Also, identify the length, number of genes, and number of copies of the genome.
Introduction:
Mitochondria and chloroplast are organelles that show maternal inheritance, that is, the inherited traits passed by the mother to her offspring. The mitochondrial genome is a complete genetic complement of the mitochondrion, whereas chloroplast genome is a circular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 5.1 - A female snail that coils to the left has...Ch. 5.1 - 2. What is the molecular explanation for maternal...Ch. 5.2 - 1. In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved...Ch. 5.2 - 2. According to the Lyon hypothesis,
a. one of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - 1. In mice, the copy of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 5.3 - 2. A female mouse that is is crossed to a male...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 5.4 - 1. Extranuclear inheritance occurs due to
a....
Ch. 5.4 - 2. A cross is made between a green four-o’clock...Ch. 5.4 - 3. Some human diseases are caused by mutations in...Ch. 5.4 - 4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an...Ch. 5 - Define the term epigenetic inheritance, and...Ch. 5 - 2. Describe the inheritance pattern of maternal...Ch. 5 - A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant N...Ch. 5 - 4. A Drosophila embryo dies during early...Ch. 5 - 5. For Mendelian inheritance, the nuclear genotype...Ch. 5 - Suppose a maternal effect gene exists as a...Ch. 5 - Suppose that a gene affects the anterior...Ch. 5 - Explain why maternal effect genes exert their...Ch. 5 - As described in Chapter 22, researchers have been...Ch. 5 - 10. With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes,...Ch. 5 - 11. What is a Barr body? How is its structure...Ch. 5 - Among different species, describe three distinct...Ch. 5 - 13. Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs...Ch. 5 - 14. Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 5 - 16. How many Barr bodies would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - 17. Certain forms of human color blindness are...Ch. 5 - A black female cat (XBXB) and an orange male cat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 5 - When does the erasure and reestablishment phase of...Ch. 5 - In what types of cells would you expect de novo...Ch. 5 - 22. On rare occasions, people are born with a...Ch. 5 - Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 5 - What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 5 - Among different species, does extranuclear...Ch. 5 - Extranuclear inheritance often correlates with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 5 - Which of the following traits or diseases is (are)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 5 - 33. Describe how a biparental pattern of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.1 describes an example of a maternal...Ch. 5 - 2. Discuss the types of experimental observations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 5 - As a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results...Ch. 5 - You have a female snail that coils to the right,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EQCh. 5 - 7. Figure 5.6 describes the results of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8EQCh. 5 - In the experiment of Figure 5.6, why does a clone...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EQCh. 5 - 11. A variegated trait in plants is analyzed using...Ch. 5 - 1. Recessive maternal effect genes are identified...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QSDC
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- A woman has a rare, heritable defect in the bioenergetic function of her mitochondria. So did her father. If her husband does not have the trait, what can you predict from this?a) that the mutation is in the mitochondrial genomeb) that only her sons will have the disorderc) that only her daughters will have the disorderd) that none of her children will have the disordere) that the mutation is in the nuclear genomearrow_forwardThe mitochondrial genome of Chlamydomonas contains the lowest number of genes, 12, of all the species of green algae. However, only 7 proteins are produced inside these mitochondria. Which of the following statements is the best explanation for why only 7 proteins are made from the 12 genes In Chlamydomonas mitochondria? OA Five of the genes are redundant; another copy is expressed from the nuclear genome.. OB. Five of the genes are nonfunctional "pseudogenes". OC Five of the genes are transcribed, but not translated. OD. Five of the genes are coding for proteins that are translated in the cytoplasm. Reset Selectionarrow_forwardWhich genomes are larger, those of chloroplasts orthose of mitochondria? How does your genome comparewith that of yeast in overall size and gene number?arrow_forward
- What are the steps in the life of a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial precursorarrow_forwardWhat is a genome? Describe the following terms/structures as they pertain to a eukaryotic genome: diploid, haploid, gamete, homologous chromosomes, locus, and genesarrow_forwardWhat are the short DNA sequences that are near a desired gene? What combines with other proteins to form an organelle responsible for protein synthesis?arrow_forward
- How many genes are in human mitochondrial DNA?arrow_forwardWhat do chloroplast genomes typically encode?arrow_forwardDevise a genetic screen to identify both mitochondrial division and fusion mutants. Indicate 4 discreete steps and how you will identify both types of mutants. Then, using only a few words, indicate the technique used to a) identify number of different genes isolated and b) how you will clone each gene.arrow_forward
- Each of the ff. involves a disorder in the function of an organelle or other cell structure. Identify the organelle or structure involved and indicate whether it is likely to be underactive or active. a) A maize plant is unable to survive due to recessive lethal gene which causes albinism. b) A baby is placed on a low phenylalanine diet as his newborn screening results revealed that he inherited phenylketonuria. c) A man develops pleiomorphic liposarcoma (rare cancer). The cause of the problem is a hard mass of cells in his right inner thigh that rapidly increased in size in a matter of 2 months. d) A girl suddenly felt weak and manifested cyanide poisoning symptoms after ingesting undercooked cassava which contains cyanoglycosides. e) A male chef learns that he is infertile because his sperm are non-motile. Helping tags: biology, cell biology, cell structure, cell organellearrow_forwardWhat is the final result of mitosis in a human A) nearly genetically identical 2n somatic cells B) genetically different 2n somatic cells C) nearly genetically identical 1n somatic cells D) genetically identical 2n gamete cells Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) A single, replicated chromosome with sister chromatids has two centromeres. B) A single, unreplicated chromosome has two DNA molecules. C) Sister chromatids from a single chromosome are connected at the centromere. D) Homologous chromosomes are connected at the centromere. The first gap in the cell cycle (G1) corresponds to _____. A) normal growth and cell function B) the phase in which DNA is being replicated C) the beginning of mitosis D) the phase between DNA replication and the M phase In a diploid cell from a specific species has 5 chromosome pairs, how many sister chromatids will be found in a nucleus at prophase of mitosis? (Draw it!) A) 5 B) 10 C) 20 D) 40 Consider a cell from the species above.…arrow_forwardSegregation and independent assortment are LEAST likely to be exhibited by genes in a) Escherichia coli b) Arabidopsis thaliana c) Caenorhabditis elegans d) Drosophila melanogaster e) Neurospora crassaarrow_forward
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