Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5.2, Problem 1COMQ
In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved by
a. X-chromosome inactivation.
b. doubling the expression of genes on the single X chromosome in the male.
c. decreasing the expression of genes on the two X chromosomes by 50% in the female.
d. all of the above.
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Which of the following statements is TRUE? Overexpression of the X-chromosome in the somatic cells of males
a. leads to the formation of a Barr body in male cells' nuclei.
b. leads to cellular mosaicism in males hemizygous for an X-linked gene.
c. is characteristic of all XY systems of sex determination.
d. is the mechanism in flies to compensate for the higher dosage of X-linked genes in females as compared to males.
e. None of the above
In a female human cell, what would be the effect on X inactivation if
SİRNAS that eliminate the products of the Tsix gene are added?
Select one:
a. One of the two X chromosomes would become inactivated.
b. Both of the X chromosomes would become inactivated.
c. Neither of the X chromosomes would become inactivated.
d. Only the maternal X chromosome would become inactivated.
e. Only the paternal X chromosome would become inactivated.
Which of the following statements is FALSE about x chromosome inavtivation in mammals?
A. It relies on chromatic remodeling
B. It leads to the formation of Barr body.
C. It only occurs in males.
D. It involves histone modification
Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 5.1 - A female snail that coils to the left has...Ch. 5.1 - 2. What is the molecular explanation for maternal...Ch. 5.2 - 1. In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved...Ch. 5.2 - 2. According to the Lyon hypothesis,
a. one of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - 1. In mice, the copy of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 5.3 - 2. A female mouse that is is crossed to a male...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 5.4 - 1. Extranuclear inheritance occurs due to
a....
Ch. 5.4 - 2. A cross is made between a green four-o’clock...Ch. 5.4 - 3. Some human diseases are caused by mutations in...Ch. 5.4 - 4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an...Ch. 5 - Define the term epigenetic inheritance, and...Ch. 5 - 2. Describe the inheritance pattern of maternal...Ch. 5 - A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant N...Ch. 5 - 4. A Drosophila embryo dies during early...Ch. 5 - 5. For Mendelian inheritance, the nuclear genotype...Ch. 5 - Suppose a maternal effect gene exists as a...Ch. 5 - Suppose that a gene affects the anterior...Ch. 5 - Explain why maternal effect genes exert their...Ch. 5 - As described in Chapter 22, researchers have been...Ch. 5 - 10. With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes,...Ch. 5 - 11. What is a Barr body? How is its structure...Ch. 5 - Among different species, describe three distinct...Ch. 5 - 13. Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs...Ch. 5 - 14. Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 5 - 16. How many Barr bodies would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - 17. Certain forms of human color blindness are...Ch. 5 - A black female cat (XBXB) and an orange male cat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 5 - When does the erasure and reestablishment phase of...Ch. 5 - In what types of cells would you expect de novo...Ch. 5 - 22. On rare occasions, people are born with a...Ch. 5 - Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 5 - What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 5 - Among different species, does extranuclear...Ch. 5 - Extranuclear inheritance often correlates with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 5 - Which of the following traits or diseases is (are)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 5 - 33. Describe how a biparental pattern of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.1 describes an example of a maternal...Ch. 5 - 2. Discuss the types of experimental observations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 5 - As a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results...Ch. 5 - You have a female snail that coils to the right,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EQCh. 5 - 7. Figure 5.6 describes the results of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8EQCh. 5 - In the experiment of Figure 5.6, why does a clone...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EQCh. 5 - 11. A variegated trait in plants is analyzed using...Ch. 5 - 1. Recessive maternal effect genes are identified...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QSDC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The underlying cause(s) of epigenetic changes associated withcancer may bea. mutations in genes that encode chromatin-modifyingproteins.b. environmental agents that alter the function of chromatinmodifyingproteins.c. mutations in genes that encode proteins that directly acceleratecell growth.d. all of the above.e. both a and b.arrow_forwardAre the following events best explained by mutation or epimutation? A. imprinting of the Igf2 geneB. variation in coat color in mice carrying the Avy alleleC. formation of cancer cellsD. variation in flower color between different strains of pea plants,such as purple versus whiteE. X-chromosome inactivationarrow_forwardIn mammals, males have X and Y sex chromosomes, while females have two Xs. While the Y sex chromosome has very few genes associated with it, the X sex chromosome has many that are important to maintain life. How do mammals account for this in terms of equaling out gene expression levels? A. Mammals do not need to account for this, but birds do. B. Females produce more proteins from X-linked genes than males do. C. The single X of the males works twice as hard to keep up with the female’s two Xs. D. The females have one X inactivated to permit the males to keep pace with them.arrow_forward
- For XCI to occur, where are the Xist and Tsix genes expressed?a. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.b. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.c. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.d. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.arrow_forwardHow does X inactivation contribute to a person’s phenotype? a. It controls the number and kind of genes inherited on an X chromosome. b. It determines which X chromosome is expressed in a male. c. It allows for the expression of either the maternal or the paternal X in different cells. d. It enhances the expression of Y-linked genes in males.arrow_forwardIn marsupials, X inactivation occurs exclusively to paternally derived chromosomes. Which genes will ALWAYS be expressed in this situation? A. maternal X-linked genes B. paternal X-linked genes C. maternal Y-linked genes D. paternal Y-linked genesarrow_forward
- At birth a child has got blue eyes, but now his/her eyes turn brown. Which of the following statements would best explain the observed phenomena? A. The child does not have brown pigment at birth B. Eye’s colour at birth is affected by mother’s gene C. Gene repressor for brown pigment produced is not yet active D. Gene activatior for brown pigment production is not yet active at birth E. All of the above statements are falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? Inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in the somatic cells of mammalian females..... a. underlies the Calico phenotype in cats. b. leads to cellular mosaicism in females heterozygous for an X-linked gene. c. affects 75 % of the paternal and 25 % of the maternal X-chromosomes of a mammalian body. d. leads to the formation of a Barr body in female cells' nuclei. e. is the mechanism in mammals to compensate for the higher dosage of X-linked genes in females as compared to males.arrow_forwardDescribe the molecular process of X-chromosome inactivation.This description should include the three phases of inactivationand the role of the Xic. Explain what happens to the X chromosomes during embryogenesis, in adult somatic cells, and duringoogenesis.arrow_forward
- If a Drosophila female that is homozygous for an X-linked recessive mutation is bred with a male that carries the corresponding wild-type allele, the offspring will..... a. show the mutant phenotype in all individuals. b. be uniform wild-type. c. show a phenotype intermediate to the parents' phenotype. d. show the mutant phenotype in all males and the wild-type phenotype in all females. e. have mutant and wild-type males and mutant and wild-type females.arrow_forwardFigure 19.25 shows that the Sxl protein binds to the mRNA of the msl-2 gene, inhibiting translation of the mRNA’s proper reading frame. The MSL-2 protein is a transcription factor that binds to the X chromosome in XY males to double the level of X-linked gene transcription, thus equalizing X-linked gene expression in XY males and XX females. a. In which sex, XY males or XX females, would the Sxl protein bind to the msl-2 mRNA? b. As discussed in Problem 35, some Sxl alleles are lethal to females and others are lethal to males. Is the function of Sxl in regulating the synthesis of Msl-2 protein sufficient to explain the sex-specific lethality caused by both kinds of alleles? c. Predict the effect of loss-of-function mutations in msl-2 on male and female fertility and viability.arrow_forwardExplain about how X chromosome inactivation takes place in mammals at the chromosomal and molecular level. B. What genes are involved in inactivating a human X chromosome? . C. What role does X chromosome-specific inactivating transcript --XIST-- non coding RNA play in the inactivation of the human X chromosome.arrow_forward
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