Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321918550
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 15CT
If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a molecule of the fatty acid arachidic acid, which contains 20 carbon atoms, how many acetyl-CoA molecules will be generated?
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In the complete b-oxidation of stearic acid (18:0),
a) how many moles of acetyl CoA are produced?
b) how many times would the fatty acid pass through the fatty acid spiral for complete oxidation?
c) what is the total ATP produced in the citric acid cycle?
d) how many moles of NADH are produced?
e) how many moles of FADH2 are produced?
f) how many moles of ATP are produced after all NADH are reoxidized in the respiratory chain?
g) how many moles of ATP are produced after all FADH2 are reoxidized in the respiratory chain?
h) how many moles of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of stearic acid?
Where does the carbon come from that is used to synthesize ketone bodies?
a) Acetyl-CoA generated by decarboxylation of pyruvate
b) Acetyl-CoA generated by deamination of amino acids
c) Acetyl-CoA generated by beta-oxidation of fatty acids.
How many acetyl-CoA molecules can be produced from a 20-carbon chain free fatty acid?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- Oxygen is not a reactant in the β oxidation of fatty acids. Can β oxidation occur under anaerobic conditions? Explain.arrow_forwardWhy would glutamate utilize the oxidative deamination pathway over transamination – especially if removal of NH4+ requires ATP? Would it not be favorable for the body to just use transamination?arrow_forwardTwo carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as acetyl-CoA. In what form are two carbon atoms removed from the cycle?arrow_forward
- what product comes from beta oxidation of oddnumbered fatty acids and is converted to succinyl coa?arrow_forwardConsider the steps of the krebs cycle and electron carrier chain and answer: a) How many ATPs are produced from 10 Pyruvato molecules? b) How many ATPs are produced from 12 Acetyl CoA molecules?arrow_forwardWhat enzyme is inhibited by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase? a)Acetyl-CoA carboxylase b)Citrate lyase c)E3 ubiquitin ligase d)Carnitine acyltransferase Iarrow_forward
- In the complete b-oxidation of stearic acid (18:0), a)how many moles of acetyl CoA are produced? ________ b)how many times would the fatty acid pass through the fatty acid spiral for complete oxidation? ________ c)what is the total ATP produced in the citric acid cycle? ________ d)how many moles of NADH are produced? ________ e)how many moles of FADH2 are produced? ________ f)how many moles of ATP are produced after all NADH are reoxidized in the respiratory chain? ________ g)how many moles of ATP are produced after all FADH2 are…arrow_forwardWhy is acetyl-CoA considered the central molecule of metabolism?arrow_forwardShow the first cycle of beta-oxidation of stearic acid. How many ATPs will be generated from the complete oxidation of this fatty acid?arrow_forward
- a) What is the reason for the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?b) Which compound is converted into which compound in the step where sequential dehydration and hydration reactions occur in the citric acid cycle?c) Why is ammonia released in some tissues carried by binding to other molecules in the blood? Where is it transmitted in the body for its destruction? What molecule is it transferred onto there? So what molecule does it make?arrow_forwardThe glycerol produced by digestion of the main catabolic pathuay at: olive oil Can enter A)acetyl CoA B)Oxaloa cetate C) the electron transport chain DJdinydroxya cetone phosphatearrow_forwardHow many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?arrow_forward
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