Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 46, Problem 12TYK
Summary Introduction
To review:
Whether pure oxygen is advantageous to a person breathing too much CO2 (carbon dioxide) than simply moving the person to fresh air. Or whether the fresh air or pure O2 (oxygen) would be best for the person unconscious from breathing CO (carbon monoxide).
Introduction:
CO is highly toxic as it displaces O2 from hemoglobin and reduces the amount of O2 reaching the body tissues. Breathing CO continuously for a few minutes will block the flow of O2 to the brain resulting in unconsciousness and brain damage.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Which Of the followings are TRUE?
Select one:
O a. Cellular respiration - Gas exchange between blood and
tissue cells
b. Pulmonary ventilation – Conducting zone
O c. Respiratory zones
Site of gas exchange
O d. Internal respiration - CO2 is used by the cells
O e. External respiration - Continuous replacement of gases in
alveoli
One of the following are not correct ?
You have read about the Respiratory system in your Animal Physiology classes and are very excited to share the knowledge with one of your friend in the Chemistry Department. You explain to him the gas exchange between tissues and blood. However, your friend is very confused about the fact that how almost an equal amount of O2 & CO2 is exchanged in normal human (even during exercise) when the diffusion coefficient of CO2 is 20 times that of O2 (as CO2 is much more soluble in body tissues than O2). a) Explain the reason for the same to your friend. b) Why this equilibrium can’t be maintained in people who have a diseased lung with thickened walls?
Considering the nature of negative-feedback control and the function of the respiratory system, what effect do you predict that a decrease in CO2 in the internal environment would have on how
rapidly and deeply a person breathes?
Chapter 46 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 46.1 - Distinguish between the roles of the respiratory...Ch. 46.1 - What is an advantage of water over air as a...Ch. 46.2 - What advantages do gills confer on a...Ch. 46.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 46.2 - Distinguish between positive pressure breathing...Ch. 46.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 46.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 46.4 - Explain the role of hemoglobin in gas exchange.
Ch. 46.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.5 - What are the key evolutionary adaptations that...Ch. 46 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 46 - Oxygen enters the blood in the lungs because...Ch. 46 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 46 - Lycopene, which is abundant in tomatoes, is...Ch. 46 - Prob. 2ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Mountain climbers often use the expression “thin air” to describe atmospheric conditions at high elevation. For example Jon Krakauer’s book Into Thin Air is about a deadly climbing expedition to Mount Everest. What does it mean to say the air gets “thinner” as you climb upward? Explain the reason why the air gets “thinner” with increasing altitude. Briefly explain why it becomes difficult to breathe in “thin” air. Your answer should include something about the human physiology of breathing and why it is more difficult when the air is "thinner."arrow_forwardThe time it takes for blood to pass through the capillaries of a pulmonary alveolus typically is less than 0.3 seconds. During this time, what will occur? Select one: a. The blood plasma will be cleansed of its entire CO2 content and will be saturated with O2. b. An enzyme will catalyze the conversion of oxyhemoglobin to carboaminohemoglobin. c. Blood will pick up CO2 and O2 will be released to the alveolus. d. Blood will pick up O2 and CO2 will be released to the alveolus.I think this is C or D tell me the answer and whyarrow_forwardDescribe what happens in the respiratory system when you run to catch a bus by placing the following in order (#1-7). Consider that the running will have caused an increase in cellular respiration, which results in an increase in CO2 (this is the change in the variable). The increase in CO2 will be detected by the brain, which will ultimately cause an increase in ventilation. Blood CO2 levels increased and O2 levels decreased. Increased ventilation results. Chemoreceptors detect decreased O2 and increased concentration of CO2/decreased pH. Return to normal CO2 and O2 levels. Respiratory centers increases its stimulation of spinal nerves (phrenic and intercostal). Increased frequency and degree of contraction of respiratory muscles. Central and peripheral chemoreceptors stimulate the respiratory centers in the brainstem. Increased cellular respiration in response to the running.arrow_forward
- Keep in mind the chemical reaction: CO2 + H20 H2CO3 H* + HCO3 A patient on a mechanical respirator often suffers from alkalosis because a. excess of oxygen favors reaction to the left side hyperventilation leads to removal of excess of CO2 b. Oc. hyperventilation leads to removal of excess of H* ion along with CO2 as both have increased. Both (b) and (c) are correct. Od.arrow_forwardIn control of ventilation, which of the following is the most important? PCO2 in the blood PO2 in the blood PO2 in the inspired air PCO2 in the inspired airarrow_forwardYou have seen how breathing patterns can affect blood CO2 and blood pH to cause respiratory acidosis or respiratory alkalosis. Factors other than breating patterns can cause changes in blood pH. When blood pH gets out of line due to a non-respiratory problem it is referred to metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis. In this case the respiratory system is called upon to try to fix the problem by adjusting breathing patterns accordingly. Use this information as you consider the next two questions. A patient comes to the emergency room having overdosed on aspirin (acetlysalicylic acid) and is in metabolic acidosis. The patient is breathing a a rate and depth of breathing that differs from normal. Predict the breathing pattern you likely would see in this patient as her respiratory system tries to help with the problem. Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- You bring your favorite soccer ball from your place of residence in Portland to your grandparent's house much higher on the mountain. When you arrive, you get the soccer ball out of your bag. Due to the change in atmospheric pressure, is the ball underinflated or overinflated? After 15 minutes of playing soccer, you are out of breath even though you are breathing rapidly to compensate for the low oxygen. Which of the options below is closest to the best possible oxyhemoglobin saturation you could hope for while you are visiting your grandparent? 55%,75%,95%?arrow_forward) At a glance, does the science behind the Lumen device seem logical? Why do you think so? 2) Is measured CO2 truly an indicator that you are "burning" (breaking down for energy) ONLY carbs, or do you exhale CO2 no matter which of the Big 3 you're burning?arrow_forwardYou decide to cure your hiccups by breathing into a paper bag. Assumethat the bag is initially filled with 500 ml air (referenced to BTP) havingthe ambient air composition given in Table. Assume a breathing rateof 12 breaths/min, a CO2 production rate of 235 ml/min at BTP, and anO2 consumption rate of 284 ml/min at BTP. You can also assume that youbegin by inhaling all the air in the bag (i.e., tidal volume is 500 ml for thefirst breath), and that on each subsequent breath you increase your tidalvolume so as to completely empty the bag on inhalation. Compute the CO2concentration (as a percentage) in the bag after exhalation on the 10th breath.Although not particularly realistic, you can assume that the normal amountof CO2 is transferred from the lungs to the expelled air with every breath,even though the CO2 concentration in the bag is continually increasingarrow_forward
- thanksarrow_forwardThe amount of time that scuba divers can spend underwater is lim-ited by several factors, including time required to deplete the air sup-ply in their tanks. To make their air last longer, novice divers may be instructed to breathe slowly and exhale as much as possible on each breath. Can you suggest a reason why this behavior would lengthen a diver’s air supply?arrow_forwardExplain why the gas values from the alveolar air to the blood change during pulmonary gas exchange. For example: Alveolar air for CO2 has a value of 40mmHg then when entering the blood shifts to 45mmHg. Why does this occur? I tried to calculate this by using Dalton’s law but I’m not Understanding.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...
Nursing
ISBN:9781285244662
Author:White
Publisher:Cengage
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Respiratory System; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_j-LD2YEqg;License: Standard youtube license