Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 45, Problem 33CTQ
Describe the difference in evolutionary pressures experienced by an animal that begins reproducing early and an animal that reproduces late in its lifecycle.
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In the eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus), mothers sometimes take parental favoritism to extreme lengths by killing their sons, but never their daughters (Heinsohn et al. 2011). Sex-specific infanticide occurs more often at nests that can be flooded during the rainy season. Sons spend longer in the nest than daughters. Link this factor to why it might be adaptive for a parent parrot to kill a son in a vulnerable nest occupied by offspring of both sexes.
Don't write from any online source..
give one species that is classified or exhibit the following:
male to male combat
show a photograph of it with its sexual traits (body stuctures, behavior, etc) and how these traits help their reproduction. explain
Describe thoroughly the selective advantages and disadvantages organisms that reproduce sexually have over those that reproduce asexually, as well as the ramifications of mate choice on the traits present in species.
The following questions could help answer the question above.
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction? What are the disadvantages?
How do traits selected by sexual selection and those selected by differential survival mix in an animal species? i.e. is it more important to mate or survive? Use specific examples to illustrate your point.
Your answers should indicate an understanding of the mechanism behind natural selection.
Propose a scenario where asexual reproduction would be favorable.
Chapter 45 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 45 - Figure 45.2 As this graph shows, population...Ch. 45 - Figure 45.10b If the major food source of the...Ch. 45 - Figure 45.16 Age structure diagrams for rapidly...Ch. 45 - Which of the following methods will tell an...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is best at showing the life...Ch. 45 - Humans have which type of survivorship curve? Type...Ch. 45 - How is a clumped population distribution...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is associated with...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is associated with multiple...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is associated with the...
Ch. 45 - Species with limited resources usually exhibit...Ch. 45 - The maximum rate of increased characteristic of a...Ch. 45 - The population size of a species capable of being...Ch. 45 - Species that have many offspring at one time are...Ch. 45 - A forest fire is an example of regulation....Ch. 45 - Primates are examples of: density-dependent...Ch. 45 - Which of the following statements does not support...Ch. 45 - Which of the following events would not negatively...Ch. 45 - A country with zero population growth is likely to...Ch. 45 - Which type of country has the greatest proportion...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is not a way that humans...Ch. 45 - The first species to live on new land, such as...Ch. 45 - Which type of mimicry involves multiple species...Ch. 45 - A symbiotic relationship where both of the...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is not a mutualistic...Ch. 45 - The ability of rats to learn how to run a maze is...Ch. 45 - The training of animals usually involves...Ch. 45 - The sacrifice of the life of an individual so that...Ch. 45 - Why are polyandrous mating systems more rare than...Ch. 45 - Describe how a researcher would determine the size...Ch. 45 - The CDC released the following data in its 2013...Ch. 45 - Why is long-term parental care not associated with...Ch. 45 - Describe the difference in evolutionary pressures...Ch. 45 - Describe the rate of population growth that would...Ch. 45 - Describe how the population of a species that...Ch. 45 - Give an example of how density-dependent and...Ch. 45 - Describe the age structures in rapidly growing...Ch. 45 - Since the introduction of the Endangered Species...Ch. 45 - Describe the competitive exclusion principle and...Ch. 45 - Jaguars are a keystone species in the Amazon....Ch. 45 - Describe Pavlov’s dog experiments as an example of...Ch. 45 - Describe the advantage of using an aural or...
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- Are the following primates (same species) exhibiting sexual dimorphism? Explain your reasoning:arrow_forwardIn seahorses, males incubate and care for offspring. Thus, the males are more likely to be tied up in reproduction at any point in time relative to females. Which sex do you predict will be the choosey sex in this species and why? Males -- because fewer are available to mate Males – because male-male competition is incredibly strong Females – because sperm are cheap to produce Female – because the operational sex ratio is biased in their favor The sperm of chimpanzees have faster swimming speeds than those of gorillas. Based on what you know about sperm competition, what would you predict about differences between these two species in female re-mating frequency and sperm viability? In chimps, females mate only once and sperm are viable for only a day In chimps, females mate multiply and sperm live for a long time In chimps, females mate only one, and sperm live for a long time In chimps, females mate multiply, and sperm live for only a day Which of the following sexual traits is…arrow_forwardConservation biologists have altered the evolution of salmon populations in captive-breeding programs. Wild female salmon tend to produce fewer large eggs because the large eggs contain more nutrients for the off spring, giving each individual a greater chance to survive. After just a few generations, however, captive-bred females now lay greater numbers of small eggs. Suggest a possible adaptive advantage for many small eggs in the captive-bred environment. What would you predict regarding the reproductive success of captive-bred females released in the wild?arrow_forward
- Define sexual selection among primates (including both female choice and male competition) and explain how it shapes sex characteristics among primates. References are the books "Primate Behavioral Ecology" by Karen Strier and "Planet Without Apes" by Craig Stanfordarrow_forwardIs the following case study an r-strategist or a K-strategist? American toads practice explosive reproduction. During the first warm days in spring, both males and females migrate from forests and converge on ponds. Reproduction is quick, taking only a few days. Females lay hundreds of eggs in jelly-filled sacks along the sides of the pond or stream. As soon as the eggs are laid, males and females abruptly leave the pond. Offspring are left to develop, hatch, and grow on their own, maturing in about three months.arrow_forwardDefine the three types of embryo development and birth and give an example of a species for each: 1) Oviparous 2) Ovoviviparous 3) Viviparousarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best describes the advantage of sexual reproduction in organisms? It reduces genetic variation, which may be useful in the future. It prevents adaptation in a changing environment. It yields offspring with novel combinations of traits. It eliminates the possibility of harmful traits being passed on. tnf: Which of the following statements best describes the functions of villi and microvilli? Villi and microvilli form the inner layer of epithelial tissue in the small intestine and increase the absorption of nutrients from chyme. Villi and microvilli absorb food through the small intestine via smooth muscle contractions called peristalsis. Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, which increases the absorption of nutrients by diffusion. Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, which aids in the absorption of bile salts and vitamin B12.arrow_forwardChoose all of the correct statements below regarding fertilization. Check All That Apply At fertilization the sperm is activated to initiate development.At fertilization the sperm is activated to initiate development. The timing by which sperm enter oocytes is species dependent and shows no clear evolutionary patterns.The timing by which sperm enter oocytes is species dependent and shows no clear evolutionary patterns. The loss of RNA is associated with the germinal vesicle stage of oocyte development.The loss of RNA is associated with the germinal vesicle stage of oocyte development. Chemotactic molecule secretion by marine organisms provides a chemical guidance cue for sperm to locate eggs.Chemotactic molecule secretion by marine organisms provides a chemical guidance cue for sperm to locate eggs. The cortical granule reaction and the acrosome reaction occur in eggs & sperm respectively and are required during gamete formation.arrow_forwardDetermine whether the reproductive behavior is evolutionary stable or unstable: Cowbirds are nest parasites. The females sneak into other birds' nests and lay their eggs, often removing the host bird's eggs. The cowbird eggs tend to match those of the host's eggs, and often the host does not detect that the cowbird's eggs have replaced their own. The host birds raise the cowbird chicks to maturity.arrow_forward
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