Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 44.4, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Edward O.Wilson and Robert MacArthur proposed ‘The Equilibrium Model of Island Biogeography’ in 1960. It is a comprehensive model that explains uneven distribution on the new island.
According to Edward O.Wilson and Robert MacArthur, the number of species on an island reflects the balance between the rates of immigration and extinction. The model predicts that island size is directly proportional to the number of species that the number of species increases with an increase in island size. The number of species decreases with a decrease in the distance from the source pool.
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Data shown in this figure describes the species richness of mammals and birds among a variety of Sky islands.
Which of the following best fits the correlations represented in the graphs?
1) number of individuals increases with area and decreases with isolation
2) species richness increases with area and decreases with isolation
3) species diversity varies depending on area and isolation?
Follow up question which model of species distribution and abundance does this data support?
1) Species area relationship
2) species accumulation curve
3) island-biogeography
4) rapoport’s rule
The green line is the isocline for species 1. The black line
is the isocline for species 2. Population size Ni is on the x-
axis. Population size N2 is on the y-axis. Why do both
species coexist in this scenario?
K/a12
(A) species 2 reaches its carrying capacity before it
reaches the number of individuals it would take to drive
species 1 extinct. At every stable size for species 2,
species 1 is below its carrying capacity and therefore still
increasing.
K2
(B) the carrying capacity for both species is reached
before they reach the number of individuals required to
drive the other species extinct. At low population sizes,
each species' growth rate is positive.
KI
(C) both species' carrying capacities are higher than the
population size required to drive the other species extinct.
Population size of Species 1
Green is the isocline for species 1
Black is the isocline for species 2
Population size of Species 2
You are comparing species diversity between four different habitats: which of the
following habitats is the most diverse?
Habitat A has 15 species total, with approximately equal representation across
all species
Habitat B has 15 species total, and is dominated by two of its fifteen species
Habitat C has 3 species total, with approximately equal representation across all
species
Habitat D has 3 species total, and is dominated by one of its three species
Habitats A and B are equally diverse
Chapter 44 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.1 - Lake Baikal in Siberia is an ancient, unglaciated...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.3 - Why might ecologists think of walking thecoastline...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.3 - Which of the following are examples of secondary...Ch. 44.3 - In New England salt marshes, Spartina grass...
Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 44.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.4 - Which is part of the original MacArthur-Wilson...Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.5 - In these two food chains, plants and...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.5 - Detritivores that feed on the dung of herbivores...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.6 - Net primary production is the energy that passes...Ch. 44.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.6 - Most gross primary production is used in (by)...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1TYCh. 44 - Prob. 2TYCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYCh. 44 - Prob. 4TYCh. 44 - On which types of islands would you expect species...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6TYCh. 44 - Autotrophic organisms are primary consumers....Ch. 44 - Prob. 8TYCh. 44 - Prob. 9TYCh. 44 - The most highly productive terrestrial ecosystems...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 44 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 44 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 44 - List some possible ecological disturbances, their...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2CBQ
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