Chapter 4.1, Problem 4.4E

(a)

To determine

To describe the overall relationship between the two variable and explain why are there two distinct clusters of points.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the graph in the given question, we see that the higher that the percent taking SAT is, the lower the mean math score is. And there are two clusters, because the left clusters contains groups for which only the best students took the SAT. No such restriction was present for the right cluster.

(b)

To determine

To explain in what way are the two states West Virginia and Maine in the figure are unusual.

Explanation of Solution

The reason that these two states are unusual as,

West Virginia is unusual because it has a low percent taking SAT while also having a low mean math score.

Maine is unusual because it has a high percent taking SAT and an extremely low mean math score.