Which of the following statements is true of fishes that live infreshwater? a. Water moves across the gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving. b. They lose water to their environment primarily through the gills. They replace this water by drinking. c. Water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion. d. They have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na + and CT from the blood into their environment.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 40, Problem 1TYK

Which of the following statements is true of fishes that live infreshwater?

a. Water moves across the gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving.

b. They lose water to their environment primarily through the gills. They replace this water by drinking.

c. Water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

d. They have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ and CT from the blood into their environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

19. On the diagram below a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA. b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing. c. Add the following details to the diagram. Promoter region TATA box Transcription start site Transcription terminator Intron (A,B,C,D) Exons (1,2,3,4,5) Splice sites 5' cap 5' UTR (untranslated region) 3' poly A tail 3' UTR (untranslated region) Translational start (AUG) Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA) N and C ends of polypeptide 0000

Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter labels are not used. MNNNNNNIN M C B A M D F E H K G 8

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 40, Problem 1TYK

Which of the following statements is true of fishes that live infreshwater?

a. Water moves across the gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving.

b. They lose water to their environment primarily through the gills. They replace this water by drinking.

c. Water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

d. They have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ and CT from the blood into their environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 40, Problem 1TYK

Which of the following statements is true of fishes that live infreshwater?

a. Water moves across the gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving.

b. They lose water to their environment primarily through the gills. They replace this water by drinking.

c. Water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

d. They have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ and CT from the blood into their environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 40, Problem 1TYK

Which of the following statements is true of fishes that live infreshwater?

a. Water moves across the gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving.

b. They lose water to their environment primarily through the gills. They replace this water by drinking.

c. Water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

d. They have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ and CT from the blood into their environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater have a higher concentration of solutes than the freshwater of the water body where fishes lived.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

In freshwater fishes, water enters epithelial cells in their gills via osmosis. Whereas, the electrolytes leave the same cells via diffusion.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (c) is given that water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and electrolytes leaves the same cells via diffusion. The freshwater fishes maintain the electrolyte balance (osmoregulation) with their external environment. This osmoregulation is maintained by the entry of freshwater into the epithelial cells of the gills through the process of osmosis.

In this, the transfer of solvent (water) from the region of less solute concentration (water body, for example, a freshwater river) to the region of higher solute concentration (epithelial cells in the gills) takes place. In order to maintain homeostasis, the excess water intake is excreted in the urine.

The excess solute (electrolytes) present in the epithelial cells leaves the cells via the process of diffusion. The level of lost electrolytes is maintained by food intake or through their active transport from the freshwater present outside. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (a) is given that water moves across gills via osmosis until equilibrium is established, at which time the water molecules stop moving in freshwater fishes. The water enters the epithelial cells of the gills via osmosis, which results in osmotic shock. The equilibrium is maintained by excretion of the excess amount of water, in the form of urine. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given that freshwater fishes lose water to their environment primarily through the gills, and replace this water by drinking. The epithelial cells of freshwater fishes have less amount of water and they possess a higher solute concentration; therefore, they take in water by osmosis instead of losing it via gills. So, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given that freshwater fishes have specialized epithelia that actively pump Na⁺ (sodium ions) and Cl^- (chloride ions) from the blood into their environment. The specialized epithelia in the gills help to actively pump in the electrolytes (sodium ions and chloride ions) from the outside environment to maintain the levels of electrolyte, which were lost due to diffusion. So, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Answer 14

Conclusion

The concentration of solute in the epithelial cells of the gills of freshwater fishes is higher than in the water outside. The osmoregulation is maintained by osmosis (water enters the epithelial cells) and diffusion (water leaves the cells). Thus, the water enters epithelial cells in the gills of freshwater fishes via osmosis and the electrolytes leave those cells through diffusion.

Answer 15

Ch. 40 - 1. Which of the following statements is true of...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2TYK Ch. 40 - 3. What effect does antidiuretic hormone (ADH)...Ch. 40 - Fill in the blank: In Gila monsters, the organ in...Ch. 40 - Prob. 5TYU Ch. 40 - Prob. 6TYU Ch. 40 - Prob. 7TYU Ch. 40 - 8. Scientists have noted that marine invertebrates...Ch. 40 - Prob. 9TYPSS Ch. 40 - Prob. 10TYPSS

Concept explainers

Videos

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 40 Solutions