Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118743164
Author: Jacquelyn G. Black, Laura J. Black
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 4, Problem 9SQ
(a)
Summary Introduction
To draw: A diagram that describes what happens to the bacterial cell when the cell is placed in a hypotonic solution.
Introduction: Tonicity indicates the cell’s behavior in the fluid environment. It is the measure of an effective osmotic pressure gradient. The three types of tonicity include isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
(b)
Summary Introduction
To draw: A diagram that describes what happens to the bacterial cell when the cell is placed in an isotonic solution.
(c)
Summary Introduction
To draw: A diagram that describes what happens to the bacterial cell when the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
If a scientist drops an animal cell into a solution that contains 10 times more salt than is found inside the cell, which of the following will happen? Hint: drawing a picture may help you.
A) The cell will burst since the solution is hypertonic
B) The cell will shrink since the solution is hypotonic.
C) The cell will burst since the solution is hypotonic.
D) The cell will shrink since the solution is hypertonic.
E) The cell will not change in size since the solution is isotonic.
Which of the following statements is correct about passive diffusion? Select one: A) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration (or up a concentration gradient).
B) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration (or down a concentration gradient).
C) It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell.
D) It may require a transport protein.
E) It involves movement of molecules down a concentration gradient and may require a transport protein.
You have two types of cells (animal cells and plant cells) that you will place in a variety of conditions. Please describe what would happen to each of those two cells in the following solutions, i) isotonic solution; ii) hypertonic solution; iii) hypotonic solution.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Ch. 4 - Are viruses prokaryotes? Eukaryotes? Why or why...Ch. 4 - Compare surface-to-volume ratios of prokaryotes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1.3SCCh. 4 - Prokaryotes lack mitochondria. What structure does...Ch. 4 - Compare peptidoglycan and teichoic acid as to...Ch. 4 - What takes place in the periplasmic space? Which...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2.3SCCh. 4 - Compare the cell walls of Gram-positive,...Ch. 4 - How do bacteria move in chemotaxis? Distinguish...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3.2SC
Ch. 4 - Prob. 3.3SCCh. 4 - Distinguish between nucleus and nucleoid.Ch. 4 - Most prokaryotes lack sterols in their plasma...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.2SCCh. 4 - Give two specific arguments that support the idea...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 4 - Your roommate has noticed that you now spend most...Ch. 4 - Many of todays antibacterial drugs work by...Ch. 4 - According to the endosymbiotic theory, the...Ch. 4 - Most prokaryotes range in size from 0.5 to 2.0 m,...Ch. 4 - Attribute each of the following to either P,...Ch. 4 - Match the following bacterial morphology...Ch. 4 - Which of the following statement about the...Ch. 4 - Bacteria such as Mycoplasma that lack cell walls...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6SQCh. 4 - Prob. 7SQCh. 4 - Match the following bacterial locomotion and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9SQCh. 4 - Prob. 10SQCh. 4 - Prob. 11SQCh. 4 - Prob. 12SQCh. 4 - Glucose is often present in very low...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14SQCh. 4 - Peptidoglycan digested from Gram-______ bacteria...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16SQCh. 4 - Prob. 17SQCh. 4 - Prob. 18SQCh. 4 - Mitosis differs from meiosis in the following ways...Ch. 4 - For each of the lettered regions identified on...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Both active and passive transports can be subdivided further. Distinguish between the different pairs of terms below: a) simple diffusion vs. facilitated difussion b) Facilitated diffusion vs. active transport c) channel protein vs. carrier protein d) simple diffusion vs. osmosis e) Uniporter vs. symporter vs. antiporterarrow_forwardWhich of the following scenarios describes the process of osmosis? a) An amoeba engulfs a food particle. b) Sodium ions flow through the cell membrane. c) A carrier protein moves glucose into the cell.. d) A plant cell swells in a hypotonic environment.arrow_forwardSuppose you have a cell from a freshwater fish that is isotonic with its surrounding environment, with a K+ concentration inside the cell of 0.05M. You then immerse this cell in saltwater where the K+ concentration is 0.25M. What would you predict will happen to the cell? a)Water will move into the cell, and the cell will swell and burst b)Water will move out of the cell, and the cell will shrink c)Water will move in and out of the cell with no net change in concentration, and the cell will remain the same size d)The cell wall will prevent the cell from changing sizearrow_forward
- Active transport pumps are used to move sodium ions across the membranes of gill cells in freshwater fish species. Which of the following statements about the pumps is accurate?Explain. a) There are specific binding sites for sodium ions on the pump b) They require osmosis to carry the sodium ions into the cell c) This is an example of passive diffusion and ATP is required d) Their lipid based structure allows it to embed in the cell membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following distinguishes osmosis from simple diffusion? a) a concentration gradient b) a solute c) a selectively permeable membrane d) water moleculesarrow_forwardA cell containing 2% sucrose solution is placed in a hypertonic solution. A.) In one statement maximum, explain what a hypertonic solution is in reference to solute concentration. B.) In one statement, predict the direction of osmosis ( movement of water) C.) In one statement, predict the resulting change in the cell's shape.arrow_forward
- Typically, our cells have a high concentration of sodium ions outside and a low concentration of sodium ions inside. Sodium ions continue to move out of the cell by the process of: a) secondary active transport b) pinocytosis c) facilitated diffusion d)simple diffusion e) primary active transport f) osmosisarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of exocytosis, but not true of facilitated diffusion? Select all that apply. A) Involves transport vesicles B) May be used to move a hydrophilic substance to the other side of the membrane C) Requires energy D) Always moves a substance down its concentration gradient E) Always results in a substance exiting from the cell .arrow_forwardAmong the statements a, b and c, which is/are false? a) Endocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport inside the cell a small content of extracellular fluid. b) Exocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport a small amount of intracellular fluid out of the cell. c) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis. d) All of these statements are false. e) None of these statements is false.arrow_forward
- Which of the following modes of transport across biological membranes is driven by a chemical gradient? A) Facilitated diffusion B) Simple diffusion C) Active transport D) a and b only E) a, b, and carrow_forwardMatch the definitions with the words: Direct Diffusion, Facilitated Transport, Active Transport a) passive movement of molecules through a protein channel, down the solute's concentration gradient b) using a vesicle to move many molecules into a cell c) movement of molecules through a protein transporter, requires ATP, against the solute's concentration gradientarrow_forwardTypically, our cells have a high concentration of sodium ions outside and a low concentration of sodium ions inside. As sodium ions continue to move out of the cell, the protein that they travel through is called a: a) carrier b) pump c)channel d) vesicle e) aquaproinarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Bacterial Structure and Functions; Author: Osmosis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b15Hy3jCPDs;License: Standard youtube license