Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118743164
Author: Jacquelyn G. Black, Laura J. Black
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 4, Problem 12SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Antibiotics or antibacterials are substances that either inhibit bacterial growth or destroy the bacteria. The mode of action differs for each antibiotic. Some of the antibiotic actions include inhibition of protein synthesis, cell wall synthesis,
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Hemocytes are stem cells which become plasma cells of the white blood cell system. These cells specialize in producing a type of protein called antibodies. These antibodies attack viruses and bacteria. Such cells are A) synthesized by the ribosomes b) Synthesized in to the endoplasmic reticulum C) Transported by vesicles in to the golgi apparatus D) released by the golgi apparatus into the blood by exocytosis E) all of these steps occur?
1) All of the following are functions of proteins within a membrane except __________.
A)Maintaining the fluidity of membranes
B)transport ions and other polar substances
C)receptors to bond molecules outside of the cell
D)helping the body to recognize its own cells
2) Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system
A)mitochondria
B)golgi apparatus
C)lysosomes
D)rough endoplasmic reticulum
3) Which cytoskeletal element is composed of actin and is involved with muscle contraction and provided strength to cells during stretching and compression?
A)Microfilimants
B)Intermediate filaments
C)Microtubules
D)Flagella
Which of the following is a function performed by the cytoskeleton?a) provides structural support that determines cell shape and resists deforming forcesb) positions various organelles within the cell interiorc) provides a network of tracks over which materials like mRNA and organelles move within cellsd) serves as a force-generating apparatus that moves cells from one place to anothere) all of these choices
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Ch. 4 - Are viruses prokaryotes? Eukaryotes? Why or why...Ch. 4 - Compare surface-to-volume ratios of prokaryotes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1.3SCCh. 4 - Prokaryotes lack mitochondria. What structure does...Ch. 4 - Compare peptidoglycan and teichoic acid as to...Ch. 4 - What takes place in the periplasmic space? Which...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2.3SCCh. 4 - Compare the cell walls of Gram-positive,...Ch. 4 - How do bacteria move in chemotaxis? Distinguish...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3.2SC
Ch. 4 - Prob. 3.3SCCh. 4 - Distinguish between nucleus and nucleoid.Ch. 4 - Most prokaryotes lack sterols in their plasma...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.2SCCh. 4 - Give two specific arguments that support the idea...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 4 - Your roommate has noticed that you now spend most...Ch. 4 - Many of todays antibacterial drugs work by...Ch. 4 - According to the endosymbiotic theory, the...Ch. 4 - Most prokaryotes range in size from 0.5 to 2.0 m,...Ch. 4 - Attribute each of the following to either P,...Ch. 4 - Match the following bacterial morphology...Ch. 4 - Which of the following statement about the...Ch. 4 - Bacteria such as Mycoplasma that lack cell walls...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6SQCh. 4 - Prob. 7SQCh. 4 - Match the following bacterial locomotion and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9SQCh. 4 - Prob. 10SQCh. 4 - Prob. 11SQCh. 4 - Prob. 12SQCh. 4 - Glucose is often present in very low...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14SQCh. 4 - Peptidoglycan digested from Gram-______ bacteria...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16SQCh. 4 - Prob. 17SQCh. 4 - Prob. 18SQCh. 4 - Mitosis differs from meiosis in the following ways...Ch. 4 - For each of the lettered regions identified on...
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- The process by which messenger RNA codes for the synthesis of a specific protein is called: a) replication b) transcription c) translation d) gene regulation Which statement is true about prokaryotes? A) they have no chromosomes b) they have chromosomes, but they are not membrane bound c) they have membrane bound chromosomes d) their chromosomes are made of RNA rather than DNA In a eukaryotic cell, most ATP is made in which location? A) nucleus b) mitochondria C) cytoplasm d) golgi apparatusarrow_forward5) The process by which a cell copies its DNA before it divides is called: A) DNA replication B) Transcription C) Mitosis D) Translationarrow_forward5- The function of carbohydrates in the cell membrane is primarily: a) Providing structural integrity b) Assisting in the diffusion of water-soluble substances c) Serving as receptor sites for hormones d) Forming glycoproteins 6- Which of the following cellular structures is responsible for producing energy? a) Nucleus b) Golgi apparatus c) Mitochondria d) Endoplasmic reticulum 7- The region within the cell that surrounds the nucleus is called: a) Cell membrane b) Cytoplasm c) Golgi apparatus d) Endoplasmic reticulum. 8- Which of the following cellular structures is responsible for storing genetic information? a) Nucleus b) Ribosome c) Lysosome d) Vacuole 9- The organelle that is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell is: a) Nucleus b) Mitochondrial c) Ribosome d) Golgi apparatusarrow_forward
- In some eukaryote organisms, myocytes are a type of stem cell that become Muscle cells. These cells filled with a protein called myosin. Such cell products are stored in cell structures that are formed from: A) the nucleus, B) from the smooth ER as vesicles, C) are engulfed into the cell by phagocytosis, D) are released from the cell by the process of Exocytosis, E) the lysosomes.arrow_forwardThe binding of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to the IP3 receptor results in the release of from the endoplasmic reticulum. a) CAMP b) ATP O c) diacylglycerol d) calcium ionsarrow_forwardTay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that occurs when a hydrolytic enzyme known as hexosaminidase A is absent. This results in an accumulation of lipids in the brain and spinal cord. Which of the following organelles would be involved in this disorder? A) peroxisome B) Golgi apparatus C) lysosome D) mitochondria E) nucleolusarrow_forward
- 12) Match the cell-cell junction on the left with the appropriate function on the right. Note that more than one letter may apply for a particular function and that each letter may be used more than once or not at all. A) Gap junctions provides a very strong attachment point between cells B) Desmosomes allow easy movement of large amounts of substances between adjacent cells C) Plasmodesmata seals the plasma membranes of adjacent cells together, preventing the movement of molecules between them D) Tight junctionsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is representative of transduction? A) Binding of ligand to cell surface receptor B) Gene expression C) activation of relay molecules D) Spread of diffusion throughout a cellarrow_forwardWhich of the following regarding microtubules is LEAST correct? A)Microtubules do not have important functions in neurons B)Microtubules are important for anterograde axoplasmic transport C)No answer text provided. D)Microtubules are important for maintaining the structure of the neuron E)Microtubules are important for retrograde axoplasmic transportarrow_forward
- In both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, which of the following structures can cross cell membranes using the same protein channels as water? A) mRNA, B) triglycerides, C) large, non-polar molecules, D) DNA, E) gases (CO2 and O2) and small ions.arrow_forwardWhat is the function of DNA? A) Stores chemically coded, heritable information in an organism B) Transfers genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm C) Activates enzymes from inactive states under specific conditions D) Lowers the activation energy of important chemical reactions E) Serves as a barrier to the environment in the cell membranearrow_forward2arrow_forward
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