
(a)
Interpretation:
Electron-dot structures for
Concept introduction:
Electron-dot structure:
This is only way to show the sharing of electrons between atom in polar covalent bonds or covalent bond. This is often called Lewis structure. This structure denotes valence electrons of an atom by dots and also it shows the way of valence electron distributed within a molecule.
(b)
Interpretation:
Electron added to
Concept introduction:
Principle quantum number (n):
The principle quantum number specifies the main energy level which is occupied by an electron.
For example,
Angular momentum quantum number denotes the shape of the orbital of an atom.
The number of shape of the orbital possible is equal to n for definite main energy level. The allowed values are zero to
(c)
Interpretation:
Concept introduction:
Electron affinity:
Electron affinity is amount of energy released when electron is added to an atom. In the periodic table electron affinity increases from left to right and decreases from top to bottom.

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Chapter 4 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
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- What is the product of the following reaction? Please include a detailed explanation of what is happening in this question. Include a drawing showing how the reagent is reacting with the catalyst to produce the correct product. The correct answer is IV.arrow_forwardPlease complete the reactions, thank youarrow_forwardConsider the synthesis. What is compound Y? Please explain what is happening in this question. Provide a detailed explanation and a drawing to show how the compound Y creates the product. The correct answer is D.arrow_forward
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- What would be the reagents and conditions above and below the arrow that will complete the proposed acetoacetic ester synthesis? If it cannot be done efficiently, then I will choose that answer. There could be 2 or 4 reagents involved. Please provide a detailed explanation and drawings showing how it would proceed with the correct reagents.arrow_forwardFor benzene, the ∆H° of vaporization is 30.72 kJ/mol and the ∆S° of vaporization is 86.97 J/mol・K. At 1.00 atm and 228.0 K, what is the ∆G° of vaporization for benzene, in kJ/mol?arrow_forwardThe reaction Q(g) + R(g) → Z(l) is shown to be exothermic. Which of the following is true concerning the reaction. it is spontaneous only at High T, it is spontaneous at low T it is nonspontaneous at all T it is spontanrous at all T. it is non spontaneous only at low T.arrow_forward
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