(a) Interpretation: The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated. Concept introduction: The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

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47. Which energy diagram corresponds to the given reaction (below)? MeOH Br

Sketch an energy diagram for a two-step reaction in which both steps are exergonic and in which the second step has a higher-energy transition state than the first. Label the parts of the diagram corresponding to reactant, product, intermediate, overall AG+, and overall AG°.

6. without intermediates. The reaction has an equilibrium constant Keq = [B]/[A] = 102 and, with the free energy of A as a reference point, a standard free energy of activation of 68 kJ/mol. a) Draw a reaction free energy diagram (a potential energy diagram) for this process, showing the relative energies of A, B and the transition state. b) What is the standard free energy of activation for the reverse reaction, B A? Show your work. A certain compound A is converted in o a compound B in a reaction

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 4.57AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The compound that is present in the greatest amount and that is present in the least amount when reaction comes to equilibrium is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate limiting step of the reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The standard free energy of activation for the overall reaction A→D is to be labeled in the free energy diagram.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The faster reaction between C→B and C→D is to be stated with explanation.

Concept introduction:

The free energy diagram of a reaction is the plot of standard free energy versus reaction coordinate or reaction progress. The products and reactants are placed at their respective free energy. The difference in the free energy of products and reactants is the standard free energy of the reaction.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.1P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.2P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.3P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.4P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.5P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.6P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.7P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.8P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.9P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the compound D will be present in the greatest amount and compound C is least stable when reaction comes to equilibrium.

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Chapter 4 Solutions