Chapter 4, Problem 4.32QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given species are should be identified as a Brønsted acid or base.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted acid:

• The reaction between acid and base to form a conjugate base of acid and conjugate acid of base by proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ exchange
• In the reaction, the species donates a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted acid and the species accept a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted base.
• To identify the given species as a Brønsted acid or base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given species are should be identified as a Brønsted acid or base.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted acid:

• The reaction between acid and base to form a conjugate base of acid and conjugate acid of base by proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ exchange
• In the reaction, the species donates a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted acid and the species accept a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted base.
• To identify the given species as a Brønsted acid or base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given species are should be identified as a Brønsted acid or base.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted acid:

• The reaction between acid and base to form a conjugate base of acid and conjugate acid of base by proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ exchange
• In the reaction, the species donates a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted acid and the species accept a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted base.
• To identify the given species as a Brønsted acid or base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given species are should be identified as a Brønsted acid or base.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted acid:

• The reaction between acid and base to form a conjugate base of acid and conjugate acid of base by proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ exchange
• In the reaction, the species donates a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted acid and the species accept a proton ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ is called Brønsted base.
• To identify the given species as a Brønsted acid or base.