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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in aqueous sodium hydroxide has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:
In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.
(b)
Interpretation:
The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in sodium bicarbonate has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:
In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.
(c)
Interpretation:
The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in aqueous sodium carbonate has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:
In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- (a) Explain how NaBH, in CH;OH can reduce hemiacetal A to 1,4-butanediol (HOCH,CH,CH,CH,OH). (b) What product is formed when A is treated with Ph;P=CHCH,CH(CH),? (c) The drug isotretinoin is formed by reaction of X and Y. What is the structure of isotretinoin? Although isotretinoin (trade name Accutane or Roaccutane) is used for the treatment of severe acne, it is dispensed under strict controls because it also causes birth defects. PPha NaOCH,CH3 HO- isotretinoin HO A Br X Yarrow_forward4-Methylphenol, CH3C6H4OH (pKa 10.26), is only slightly soluble in water, but its sodium salt, CH3C6H4O- Na+, is quite soluble in water. In which solution(s) will 4-methylphenol dissolve? Q.) Aqueous NaOHarrow_forwardно HO но он The pK, of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is 4.17, showing that it is slightly more acidic than acetic acid (CH3CO0H, pKa 4.74). (a) Show the fou r different conjugate bases that would be formed by deprotonation of the four different OH groups in ascorbic acid. (b) Compare the stabilities of these four conjugate bases, and predict which OH group of ascorbic acid is the most acidic. (c) Compare the most stable conjugate base of ascorbic acid with the conjugate base of acetic acid, and suggest why these two compounds have similar acidities, even though ascorbic acid lacks the carboxylic acid (COOH) group.arrow_forward
- 9. An organic compound, P, has the molecular formula, C3H6O. It reacts with chromic acid to form Q. Q reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to give a sweet-smelling liquid, R. a) Identify P, Q and R. b) Arrange in decreasing order the boiling point of compound P, Q and ethanol. Explain. c) Compare acidity of Q and propanolarrow_forwardSuggest a possible structure for Compound X.arrow_forward7. Arrange the following acids in the increasing order of their solubility in water: p- CIC6H4COOH, CH3COOH, CH3(CH2)3COOH Click or tap here to enter text.arrow_forward
- 4-Methylphenol, CH3C6H4OH (pKa 10.26), is only slightly soluble in water, but its sodium salt, CH3C6H4O- Na+, is quite soluble in water. In which solution(s) will 4-methylphenol dissolve? Q.) Aqueous Na2CO3arrow_forwardGive reasons for the following :(i) Phenol is more acidic than methanol.(ii) The C—O—H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (190°28′).(iii) (CH3)3C—O—CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C—I and CH3—OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C—OH and CH3—I.arrow_forward(b) A compound with the molecular formula C4H9CI has four structural isomers. Write the structural formulas for all the four isomers. (c) Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, and explain the reasons forarrow_forward
- F3C - T SOH Br3C III Rank the compounds (shown below) in order of increasing acidity. H3C ОН II ОН A) | < ||| < || B) ||| < || < | C) || < III < | D) ||| < | < || E) II < I < |||arrow_forwardThe pKa of ascorbic acid (vitamin C, page 55) is 4.17, showing that it is slightly more acidic than acetic acid (CH3COOH, pKa 4.74). Compare the most stable conjugate base of ascorbic acid with the conjugate base of acetic acid, and suggest why these two compounds have similar acidities, even though ascorbic acid lacks the carboxylic acid (COOH) group.arrow_forwardPart A The chemical 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione, better known as luminol, is used by forensic scientists in analyzing crime scenes for the presence of washed-away blood. Luminol is so sensitive that it can detect blood that has been diluted 10,000 times. A basic solution of luminol is often sprayed onto surfaces that are suspected of containing minute amounts of blood. The forensic technician at a crime scene has just prepared a luminol stock solution by adding 15.0 g of luminol into a total volume of 75.0 mL of H2O. What is the molarity of the stock solution of luminol? Express your answer with the appropriate units. Luminol has a molecular weight of 177 g/mol. • View Available Hint(s) HẢ molarity of luminol solution = Value Units Submit Part B Before investigating the scene, the technician must dilute the luminol solution to a concentration of 6.00x10-2 M. The diluted solution is then placed in a spray bottle for application on the desired surfaces. How many moles of…arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
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