
(a)
Interpretation:
The vapor pressure of water at
Concept Introduction:
Vapor pressure:
Vapor pressure can be defined as the pressure exerted by the vapor when it is in
Enthalpy of vaporization:
Enthalpy of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat that has to be transferred to a liquid so that it can be transformed to its vapor phase. It is dependent on pressure.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
This equation is used to calculate the vapor pressure at different temperature if pressure at one temperature and enthalpy of vaporization are known.
Where,
(a)

Answer to Problem 4.1PR
Pressure at
Explanation of Solution
According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
Given that,
It is also given that
At boiling temperature of water the pressure is
The another temperature at which vapor pressure has to calculated is given as
The pressure to be calculated is
Applying Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
Hence the pressure at
(b)
Interpretation:
Derivation for the modified version of Clausius-Clapeyron equation has to be done in the given condition of
Concept Introduction:
Vapor pressure:
Vapor pressure can be defined as the pressure exerted by the vapor when it is in thermodynamic equilibrium with its liquid or condensed phase at a given temperature in a closed system. It relates to the tendency of a particle to escape from its liquid phase. High vapor pressure at normal temperature is referred to as volatile. With increase in temperature the vapor pressure increases.
Enthalpy of vaporization:
Enthalpy of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat that has to be transferred to a liquid so that it can be transformed to its vapor phase. It is dependent on pressure.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
This equation is used to calculate the vapor pressure at different temperature if pressure at one temperature and enthalpy of vaporization are known.
Where,
(b)

Explanation of Solution
According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
It is given that
Using the method of calculus on Clausius-Clapeyron equation we get,
Thus the modified version of Clausius-Clapeyron equation when
(c)
Interpretation:
With the help of modified version of Clausius-Clapeyron equation, vapor pressure of water at
Concept Introduction:
Vapor pressure:
Vapor pressure can be defined as the pressure exerted by the vapor when it is in thermodynamic equilibrium with its liquid or condensed phase at a given temperature in a closed system. It relates to the tendency of a particle to escape from its liquid phase. High vapor pressure at normal temperature is referred to as volatile. With increase in temperature the vapor pressure increases.
Enthalpy of vaporization:
Enthalpy of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat that has to be transferred to a liquid so that it can be transformed to its vapor phase. It is dependent on pressure.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
This equation is used to calculate the vapor pressure at different temperature if pressure at one temperature and enthalpy of vaporization are known.
Where,
(c)

Answer to Problem 4.1PR
Vapor pressure calculated at
Explanation of Solution
According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
According to modified version of Clausius-Clapeyron equation when
At boiling temperature of water the pressure is
The another temperature at which vapor pressure has to calculated is given as
The pressure to be calculated is
Applying Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
With the help of the modified Clausius-Clapeyron equation the vapor pressure calculated at
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Elements Of Physical Chemistry
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