Concept explainers
a.
To determine:
The name of given straight chain alkane or cycloalkane.
Introduction:
b.
To determine:
The name of given straight chain alkane or cycloalkane.
Introduction:
Alkanes are the hydrocarbons in which the atoms are linked by a single bond. They are classified as linear, which contains linear carbon-carbon chain; branched, which contains carbon-carbon chain that has branches and cycloalkanes, which contain closed rings.
c.
To determine:
The name of given straight chain alkane or cycloalkane.
Introduction:
Alkanes are the hydrocarbons in which the atoms are linked by a single bond. They are classified as linear, which contains linear carbon-carbon chain; branched, which contains carbon-carbon chain that has branches and cycloalkanes, which contain closed rings.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- Which of the following cycloalkanes could show geometric isomerism? For each that could, draw structural formulas, and name both the cis- and the trans- isomers. a. c. b. d.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in bonding and in general molecular formula between an alkene and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbon atoms?arrow_forwardDistinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forward
- Why are different conformations of an alkane not considered structural isomers?arrow_forwardSummarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.arrow_forwardDraw and name the five cycloalkane structures of formula C5H10. Can any of these structures give rise to geometric (cis-trans) isomerism? If so, show the cis and trans stereoisomersarrow_forward
- In organic chemistry, is it only when naming cycloalkanes that you do not put a hyphen between the substituent and the parent ring?arrow_forwardWhen the molecular formulas for cyclic and noncyclic alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms are compared it is always found that the cycloalkane has?arrow_forwardName the following Alkanes and Cycloalkanes.arrow_forward
- How many cycloalkanes of molecular formula C5H10 show cis-trans isomerism?arrow_forwardDraw three cycloalkanes which are structural (constitutional) isomers of C6H12. At least one of these structures must be able to show cis/trans isomerism. Mark this example with an asterisk.arrow_forwardGive the systematic names for all alkanes with molecular formula C7H16 that do not have any secondary hydrogens.arrow_forward
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