General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134042428
Author: Laura D. Frost, S. Todd Deal
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 1IC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason why
Introduction:
Alkanes are “simplest organic compounds” composed of only carbon and hydrogen. They are “nonpolar compounds” containing “even distribution of electrons” over their entire surface. They are composed of only carbon and hydrogen, thus despite their shape they are nonpolar.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.1PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3PPCh. 4 - Draw a skeletal structure for ethane, C2H6. Do you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.5PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.6PPCh. 4 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 4 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.9PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.10PP
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.11PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.12PPCh. 4 - Write the condensed structure for the...Ch. 4 - Write the condensed structure for the...Ch. 4 - Write the skeletal structure for the alkane shown:...Ch. 4 - Write the skeletal structure for the alkane shown:...Ch. 4 - Identify the family of hydrocarbon present in the...Ch. 4 - Identify the family of hydrocarbon present in the...Ch. 4 - Identify all the functional groups present in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.20PPCh. 4 - The most prevalent fatty acid in coconut oil is...Ch. 4 - The most common fatty acid found in animals is...Ch. 4 - Draw the condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 4 - Give the correct name for each of the following...Ch. 4 - Draw the skeletal structure for each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.26PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29PPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.30PPCh. 4 - Determine the relationship between each of the...Ch. 4 - Determine the relationship between each of the...Ch. 4 - Determine if each of the following cycloalkanes or...Ch. 4 - Determine it each of the following cycloalkanes or...Ch. 4 - Mark the chiral centers in the following...Ch. 4 - Mark the chiral centers in the following...Ch. 4 - Convert each of the Lewis structures shown into a...Ch. 4 - Convert each of the Lewis structures in Problem...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.39APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40APCh. 4 - Convert the skeletal structures shown to condensed...Ch. 4 - Convert the skeletal structures shown to condensed...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.43APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.44APCh. 4 - Alkanes are also referred to as saturated...Ch. 4 - Are alkanes considered polar or nonpolar...Ch. 4 - Give the skeletal structure and name of the...Ch. 4 - Give the skeletal structure and name of the...Ch. 4 - Name the following straight-chain alkanes or...Ch. 4 - Name the following straight-chain alkanes or...Ch. 4 - Explain the structural difference between a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.52APCh. 4 - Identify all of the functional groups in each of...Ch. 4 - Identify all of the functional groups in each of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.55APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.56APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.57APCh. 4 - Draw skeletal structures for each of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.59APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.60APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.61APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.62APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.63APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.64APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.65APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.66APCh. 4 - How many structural isomers are possible for the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.68APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.69APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.70APCh. 4 - For each of the following compounds, indicate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.72APCh. 4 - Determine whether each of the following is the cis...Ch. 4 - Determine whether each of the following is the cis...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.75APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.76APCh. 4 - Mark the chiral centers in the following...Ch. 4 - Mark the chiral centers in the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.79APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.81CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.82CPCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.1QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.2QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.3QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.4QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.5QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.6QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.7QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.8QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.9QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.10QCh. 4 - Prob. 1IA.11QCh. 4 - Prob. 2IA.1QCh. 4 - Prob. 2IA.2QCh. 4 - Prob. 2IA.3QCh. 4 - Prob. 2IA.4QCh. 4 - Prob. 2IA.5QCh. 4 - What is the molecular shape (geometry) of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2IA.7QCh. 4 - Prob. 1ICCh. 4 - Prob. 2ICCh. 4 - Prob. 3ICCh. 4 - Prob. 4IC
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- 4.2 What is an alkane?arrow_forwardWhat is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Distinguish between normal and branched hydrocarbons. What is an alkane? What is a cyclic alkane? What are the two general formulas for alkanes? What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes? What are the bond angles in alkanes? Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive? The normal (unbranched) hydrocarbons are often referred to as straight-chain hydrocarbons. What does this name refer to? Does it mean that the carbon atoms in a straight-chain hydrocarbon really have a linear arrangement? Explain. In the shorthand notation for cyclic alkanes, the hydrogens are usually omitted. How do you determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon in a ring structure?arrow_forwardList four common fuels used by our society, and draw structural formulas for the corresponding hydrocarbons that compose them.arrow_forward
- How does the structure of a cycloalkane differ from that of a straight-chain or branched-chain alkane?arrow_forwardAlcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanonearrow_forwardWhat kinds of reactions are common to alkanes? List an example of each.arrow_forward
- Gasohol is a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol, CH 3CH 2OH. Ethanol is considered an environmentally friendly fuel additive because it can be made from a renewable source—sugarcane. Ethanol burns in air to form CO 2 and H 2O, and, like the combustion of alkanes, this reaction also releases a great deal of energy. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol.arrow_forward1. Using the grignard reaction of alkanes what is the resulting alkane if the reactant is C4H9Br? a. ethane b. propane c. butane d. pentane 2. Using the grignard reaction of alkanes what is the resulting alkane if the reactant is C5H11F? a. ethane b. propane c. butane d. pentane 3. Using Cl2 in C2H4Cl2 will result in HCl and ______. a. C2H3Cl3 b. C2H4Cl3 c. C2H2Cl3 d. not posiblearrow_forwardThe heats of combustion of methane and butane are 890 kJ/mol (212.8 kcal/mol) and 2876 kJ/mol (687.4 kcal/mol), respectively. When used as a fuel, would methane or butane generate more heat for the same mass of gas? Which would generate more heat for the same volume of gas?arrow_forward
- Organic compounds that contain double or triple carbon- carbon bonds are called ____ compounds. The name of the alkene with the formula CH3-CH=CH-CH2 -CH3 is ____. Organic compounds that contain the benzene ring are called ____compounds.arrow_forwardAn organic compound containing H and C, plus the –OH functional group, is called a(n) __________ aldehyde alkane alkene alcohol carboxylic acidarrow_forwardDecane has the structure: CH3(CH2)9CH3. What does the prefix "dec-" specifically indicate about the structure of this compound? Multiple Choice It contains a straight chain of carbons. It contains 10 carbons in a continuous chain. It is an alkane. It is a saturated hydrocarbon.arrow_forward
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Chapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Lesson 2; Author: Linda Hanson;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AL_CM_Btef4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
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