Chapter 4, Problem 4.125CQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Give the symbol of the element that has the

a. Smallest atomic size in Group 6A (16).

b. Smallest atomic size in Period 3.

c. Highest ionization energy in Group 4A (14).

d. Lowest ionization energy in period 3.

e. Most metallic character in Group 2A (2). ”

should be explained

Concept introduction:

► Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion. Generally as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases, on the other hand first ionization energy decrease in going down a group.

► Atomic radius decreases in going from left to right across a period. This decrease can be explained in term of the increasing effective nuclear charge in going from left to right. This means that the valence electrons are closer to the nucleus, decreasing the size of atom. Atomic radius increases down a group, because of the increases in the orbital sizes in successive principal quantum levels.