Chapter 4.8, Problem 4.83QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The periodic properties of the elements in a group varies as we move down any group of the periodic table.

Concept Introduction:

• Ionisation Energy: The ionisation energy or Ionisation potential (I.P.) of an element is the energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from free gaseous atom of the element in its ground state. This is expressed in ${\text{kJmol}}^{\text{-1}}$. Thus it can be shown as-$\text{A}\stackrel{\text{I}\text{.P}.}{\to }{\text{A}}^{\text{+}}$.

• Atomic Size: The atomic size of an element is the distance from the nucleus to the outer most electron.

• Metallic character: The tendency of an element to leave electron from its outer shell to form cation is called its electropositivity which is parallel to its metallic property.

• Valence electron: The valence electron is the outer shell electron which remains fixed for a group of the periodic table.