Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 39, Problem 3VCQ
Figure 39.20 The kidneys are responsible for removing excess H+ ions from the blood. If the kidneys fail, what would happen to blood pH and to hemoglobin affinity for oxygen?
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Chapter 39 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 39 - Figure 39.7 Which of the following statements...Ch. 39 - Figure 39.13 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 39 - Figure 39.20 The kidneys are responsible for...Ch. 39 - The respiratory system. provides body tissues with...Ch. 39 - Air is warmed and humidified in the nasal...Ch. 39 - Which is the order of airflow during inhalation?...Ch. 39 - The inspiratory reserve volume measures the...Ch. 39 - Of the following, which does not explain why the...Ch. 39 - The total lung capacity is calculated using which...Ch. 39 - How would paralysis of the diaphragm alter...
Ch. 39 - Restrictive airway diseases. increase the...Ch. 39 - Alveolar ventilation remains constant when...Ch. 39 - Which of the following will NOT facilitate the...Ch. 39 - The majority of carbon dioxide in the blood is...Ch. 39 - The majority of oxygen in the blood is transported...Ch. 39 - Describe the function of these terms and describe...Ch. 39 - How does the structure of alveoli maximize gas...Ch. 39 - What does FEV1/FVC measure? What factors may...Ch. 39 - What is the reason for having residual volume in...Ch. 39 - How can a decrease in the percent of oxygen in the...Ch. 39 - If a patient has increased resistance in his or...Ch. 39 - How would increased airway resistance affect...Ch. 39 - Explain how a puncture to the thoracic cavity...Ch. 39 - When someone is standing, gravity stretches the...Ch. 39 - What would happen if no carbonic anhydrase were...Ch. 39 - How does the administration of 100 percent oxygen...
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- In addition to O2 binding, changes in other chemical conditions can result in changes in hemoglobin structure and function. Increases in blood H+ result in oxygen binding curves for hemoglobin that are shifted to the right. The effect of H+ can be understood in terms of the equilibrium:H-Hb+ + O2 → Hb-O2 + H+How does the difference in pH in the lungs and tissues help hemoglobin do its job of delivering oxygen? Use the equilibrium equation in your argument.arrow_forwardWould you expect the concentration of HCO3 to be higher in blood plasma taken from a systemic artery or a systemic vein?arrow_forwardCompare the structure and function of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Which oxygen binding curve in the graph below belongs to myoglobin and which to hemoglobin? Please specify. Explain the effect of pH on oxygen binding to hemoglobin, and show on the graph in which direction the pH will shift if it falls below the physiological pH value (7.4).arrow_forward
- A hemoglobin molecule has a smaller diameter than an albuminmolecule, but very little hemoglobin passes from the blood into thefiltrate. Explain why. Under what circumstances do large amounts ofhemoglobin enter the filtrate?arrow_forwardIn individuals with hereditary alkalosis, common symptoms include the accumulation of HCO3 (bicarbonate) and an increase in the pH value of the blood plasma. This condition is associated with mutations in the genes that control anion exchange proteins, specifically the chloride-bicarbonate exchanger Band 3. Explain how the anion exchange proteins work in the capillaries of normal people's body tissue and discuss how this process might be disrupted in alkalosis patients and lead to these symptoms.arrow_forward(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (torr) Sea level 34 33- 32 31 30- 29 28 27 26 4530 m above- sea level (c) If individuals with the following mutant hemo- globins accompanied the hiker, evaluate the degree of respiratory distress that they would experience despite the increased erythrocyte BPG concentration. (In the ta- ble of mutants on the right, the mutation His(143)Asp, for instance, means that the His residue that occurs at se- quence position 143 on the ß-chain has been substituted by Asp.) Describe the…arrow_forward
- Increased partial pressure of O2 in plasma from 50mmHg to 100 mmHg leads to the following: A) 2 fold increase of O2 carried in blood B) 2 fold increase of O2 bound to hemoglobin C) 2 fold increase of dissolved oxygenarrow_forwardWrite the reversible reaction between hemoglobin and oxygen.arrow_forwardWhat metabolic by-product from hemoglobin colors the urine yellow?arrow_forward
- 1) Construct a figure that shows how most molecules of CO2 gas is stored in the blood. 2) For each of the steps in your figure above: Describe what is happening in a sentence. 3) Answer the following in a brief sentece: Why does the body store CO2 this way instead of just transporting the gas dissolved in a liquid.arrow_forwardUse the Hill Equation to determine the fractional saturation of hemoglobin in equilibrium with blood that has a partial pressure of 1.9 mmHg.arrow_forwardDescribe the structure of hemoglobin and How does the structure of hemoglobin allow it to combine with oxygen?arrow_forward
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