Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 39, Problem 3VCQ
Figure 39.20 The kidneys are responsible for removing excess H+ ions from the blood. If the kidneys fail, what would happen to blood pH and to hemoglobin affinity for oxygen?
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The carbonic acid equilibrium is shown below. Exhalation of CO2 by the lungs causes this equilibrium to shift to the ______, which causes the pH of the blood to _______.
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b) left; decrease
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Chapter 39 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 39 - Figure 39.7 Which of the following statements...Ch. 39 - Figure 39.13 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 39 - Figure 39.20 The kidneys are responsible for...Ch. 39 - The respiratory system. provides body tissues with...Ch. 39 - Air is warmed and humidified in the nasal...Ch. 39 - Which is the order of airflow during inhalation?...Ch. 39 - The inspiratory reserve volume measures the...Ch. 39 - Of the following, which does not explain why the...Ch. 39 - The total lung capacity is calculated using which...Ch. 39 - How would paralysis of the diaphragm alter...
Ch. 39 - Restrictive airway diseases. increase the...Ch. 39 - Alveolar ventilation remains constant when...Ch. 39 - Which of the following will NOT facilitate the...Ch. 39 - The majority of carbon dioxide in the blood is...Ch. 39 - The majority of oxygen in the blood is transported...Ch. 39 - Describe the function of these terms and describe...Ch. 39 - How does the structure of alveoli maximize gas...Ch. 39 - What does FEV1/FVC measure? What factors may...Ch. 39 - What is the reason for having residual volume in...Ch. 39 - How can a decrease in the percent of oxygen in the...Ch. 39 - If a patient has increased resistance in his or...Ch. 39 - How would increased airway resistance affect...Ch. 39 - Explain how a puncture to the thoracic cavity...Ch. 39 - When someone is standing, gravity stretches the...Ch. 39 - What would happen if no carbonic anhydrase were...Ch. 39 - How does the administration of 100 percent oxygen...
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- You are studying with a friend who is describing the Bohr effect. She tells you that in the lungs, hemoglobin binds oxygen and releases hydrogen ion; as a result, the pH increases. She goes on to say that in actively metabolizing muscle tissue, hemoglobin releases oxygen and binds hydrogen ion and, as a result, the pH decreases. Do you agree with her reasoning? Why or why not?arrow_forwardExplain major extracellular buffer is the CO2/HCO3 2 system?arrow_forwardWhat effect does hyperventilation have on blood pH and why? What simple measure can be used to correct the pH imbalance and how does it work? What effect would hyperventilation have on hemoglobin O2 saturation in a normal healthy individual? What effect would a PaO2 of 60 mmHg have on hemoglobin O2 saturation and why? (explain in terms of the O2-Hb dissociation curve)arrow_forward
- When the blood passes through the lungs, CO₂ is expelled and the hemoglobin picks up oxygen. Place the following steps in the correct order (1 = first thing to happen), assuming that it is the decreased [CO₂] during exhalation that initiates the transition. Carbonic anhydrase works to restore the CO₂/bicarbonate equilibrium, reducing the [H+] The T-state is less stabilized. Oxygen binds to the hemoglobin. Protons dissociate from the hemoglobin.arrow_forwardA trout exposed to acid mine drainage experiences an increase in mucus production along the gills. According to Fick’s law of diffusion, how would that affect the movement of oxygen through the gill capillaries?arrow_forwardHow would carbon dioxide loading/oxygen unloading at systemic tissues be affected if a person was exposed to a chemical that blocked the action of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase? Explain why.arrow_forward
- The hemoglobin of a human fetus differs from adult hemoglobin. Compare the dissociation curves of the two hemoglobins in the graph at right. Describe how they differ, and propose a hypothesis to explain the benefit of this difference.arrow_forwardCreate a labeled diagram explaining how CO2 moves from cells of the working tissue as HCO3 - in the blood (do not include other ways CO2 moves through the blood). Be sure to include the carbonic anhydrase inside red blood cells and the HCO3 - /Cl- exchanger in your diagram. Write an explanation for your diagram.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding the role of the respiratory system in the acid-base status of the body is NOT TRUE? A. Non-volatile acids are excreted by ventilation B. Volatile acids are excreted by ventilation. OC. Hyperventilation can result in a respiratory alkalosis. D. Hypoventilation can result in a respiratory acidosis OE. Ventilation adjusts the PCO2-bicarbonate buffer system.arrow_forward
- Mr. Smith breathes 1 liter of air per minute at 22 degrees Celsius; Mr. Jones breaths 1 liter of air per minute at BT. Who is experiencing the greater fluid loss? Assume all other things are the same for two of the people.arrow_forwardDescribe what happens with PCO2 levels and pH during hyperventilation. Which acid-base disturbance can this lead to?arrow_forwardIn addition to O2 binding, changes in other chemical conditions can result in changes in hemoglobin structure and function. Increases in blood H+ result in oxygen binding curves for hemoglobin that are shifted to the right. The effect of H+ can be understood in terms of the equilibrium:H-Hb+ + O2 → Hb-O2 + H+How does the difference in pH in the lungs and tissues help hemoglobin do its job of delivering oxygen? Use the equilibrium equation in your argument.arrow_forward
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