Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 38.5, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The interpretation by brain of series of pressure waves in cochlea that caused a vibration of the basilar membrane that moves gradually from the apex toward the base.
Introduction:
The vibrating objects create series of pressure waves in the air surrounding us and this mechanical signal is transduced by ear into nerve impulse which is perceived as sound by the brain.
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The basilar membrane of the cochlea separates sounds according to:
a.Melody
b.Harmony
c.Frequency
d.Loudness
IIber. The pressure wave is dissipated by the stretching of
B-Characteristics of Equilibrium and Hearing
reviewing the structures for hearing and equilibrium, place the structure or description into the correct bin.
ew Available Hint(s)
Reset H
When traveling in an elevator, you can
sense when the elevator is moving
Pressure waves in perilymph and
endolymph
Sensing the movement when you spin
while sitting in a swivel chair with your
eyes closed
Maculae
Crista
Otoliths
Vibrations of tympanic membrane
Ampulla
Dynamic equilibrium
Static equilibrium
Hearing
Match the proper structure with its physiological role or sensory organ.
transduce both sound and
motion
densely clustered in fovea
of retina
1.
rods
amino acids trigger second
messengers
2.
cones
3.
hair cells
H+ depolarizes the
receptor
4.
semicircular canals
contain taste buds
5.
cochlea
sense airborne molecules
6,
middle ear
7.
olfactory receptors
contains the organ of
Corti
8.
papillae
bones here amplify
vibrations of the tympanic
membrane
9.
umami
10. Sour
sense low levels of light
one for each 3D plane
000000
Chapter 38 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 38.1 - Which division of the autonomic nervous system...Ch. 38.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.2 - When you wave your right hand, what part of your...Ch. 38.2 - People who are inebriated have difficulty touching...Ch. 38.2 - WHAT IF? Two groups of individuals have CNS...Ch. 38.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 38.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.3 - WHAT IF? If a woman with a severed corpus callosum...Ch. 38.4 - Which one of the five categories of sensory...Ch. 38.4 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 38.4 - WHAT IF? If you stimulated a sensory neuron of an...Ch. 38.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 38.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 38.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 38.6 - Contrast the light-detecting organs of planarians...Ch. 38.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the function of retinal...Ch. 38 - Patients with damage to Wernickes area have...Ch. 38 - The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in...Ch. 38 - The middle ear converts A. air pressure waves to...Ch. 38 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 38 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Consider an individual who had...Ch. 38 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 38 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION In a short essay (100-150...Ch. 38 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/l_3-D1) to learn more about how the brain perceives 3-D motion. Similar to how retinal disparity offers 3-D moviegoers a way to extract 3-D information from the two-dimensional visual field projected onto the retina, the brain can extract information about movement in space by comparing what the two eyes see. If movement of a visual stimulus is leftward in one eye and rightward in the opposite eye, the brain interprets this as movement toward (or away) from the face along the midline. If both eyes see an object moving in the same direction, but at different rates, what would that mean for spatial movement?arrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/occipital) to learn more about a transverse section through the brain that depicts the visual pathway from the eye to the occipital cortex. The first half of the pathway is the projection from the RGCs through the optic nerve to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus on either side. This first fiber in the pathway synapses on a thalamic cell that then projects to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe where seeing, or visual perception, takes place. This video gives an abbreviated overview of the visual system by concentrating on the pathway from the eyes to the occipital lobe. The video makes the statement (at 0:45) that specialized cells in the retina called ganglion cells convert the light rays into electrical signals. What aspect of retinal processing is simplified by that statement? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWatch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ear2) to learn more about the inner ear and to see the cochlea unroll, with the base at the back of the image and the apex at the front. Specific wavelengths of sound cause specific regions of the basilar membrane to vibrate, much like the keys of a piano produce sound at different frequencies. Based on the animation, where do frequencies–from high to low pitches–cause activity in the hair cells within the cochlear duct?arrow_forward
- Need helparrow_forward3. The Sense of Hearing Sound Production - Labeling Activity 1 The figure below events are numbered A-G in the order they happen. Read the descriptions of the events bellow and place the correct letter in the blank before its description. represents the chain of events that result in the perception of sound. These A) B A. Oval window movement sets up fluid wave inside the cochlea that stimulates the hair cells of the organ of Corti. B. Temporal lobe interprets nerve impulses as sound or balance. C. Sound waves enter external auditory canal. D. Sound waves cause tympanic membrane to vibrate. E. Vestibulocochlear nerve carries impulses to temporal lobe of brain. F. Tympanic membrane causes auditory ossicles to move. G. Movement of stapes causes oval window to move in and out. 356 Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium | Laboratory 17 © bluedoor, LLCarrow_forwardThe top three white boxes illustrated here refer to the_ olfactory bulb, lateral hypothalamus and optic chiasm(a) olfactory bulb, optic nerve and optic chiasm(a) olfactory tract, optic nerve and optic chiasm(a) pons, optic nerve and mamillary bodyarrow_forward
- 4. Frequency (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) selectivity of the inner hair cells is greatly enhanced by: force generated by the opening of the mechanotransduction cells. channel in inner hair force generated by the opening of the mechanotransduction channel in outer hair cells. myosin motors at the tips of the stereocilia. voltage-dependent changes in length of the outer hair cells. All of the abovearrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/reflexarc) to learn more about the reflex arc of the corneal reflex. When the right cornea senses a tactile stimulus, what happens to the left eye? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardShow all working explaining detailly each step Solution should be typewritten with a computer keyboard!arrow_forward
- #8arrow_forward1. You are recording from four separate ganglion cells, whose receptive fields are represented in the image below. All of these ganglion cells are center-on cells. Note: in this image, grey represents light (sorry, it's a little confusing, but it's hard to represent light in a black and white static image!). A B D (a) (1 point) What are the first order cells that make up each receptive field? (b)(1 point) What is the response of the first-order cells in the center of cell A when light shines on that area? (c) (1 point) Is the response you described in (b) different for the first-order cells that make up the surround of cell A when light is shining on them? (d) (3 points) Describe what accounts for the difference in the response of ganglion cells B and C. Be specific and be sure to include the role of all relevant interneurons.arrow_forwardThe volley theory of auditory information transfer is: When hair cells follow the waveform of stimulating sinusoids > 3 kHz Dependent on the organization of the basilar membrane Responsive with an AC component to low frequency tones An extraordinarily slow process Which of the following statements concerning photoreceptors is not correct ? cones produce colored images whereas rhods don't cones contain rhodopsin cones are less sensitive to light cones produce clear imagesarrow_forward
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