Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259822674
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3.8, Problem 112RP
(a)
To determine
The volume, mass flow rate and density of carbon dioxide.
(b)
To determine
The volume flow rate at the exit.
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Problem (17): water flowing in an open channel of a rectangular cross-section with width (b) transitions from a
mild slope to a steep slope (i.e., from subcritical to supercritical flow) with normal water depths of (y₁) and
(y2), respectively.
Given the values of y₁ [m], y₂ [m], and b [m], calculate the discharge in the channel (Q) in [Lit/s].
Givens:
y1 = 4.112 m
y2 =
0.387 m
b = 0.942 m
Answers:
( 1 ) 1880.186 lit/s
( 2 ) 4042.945 lit/s
( 3 ) 2553.11 lit/s
( 4 ) 3130.448 lit/s
Problem (14): A pump is being used to lift water from an underground
tank through a pipe of diameter (d) at discharge (Q). The total head
loss until the pump entrance can be calculated as (h₁ = K[V²/2g]), h
where (V) is the flow velocity in the pipe. The elevation difference
between the pump and tank surface is (h).
Given the values of h [cm], d [cm], and K [-], calculate the maximum
discharge Q [Lit/s] beyond which cavitation would take place at the
pump entrance. Assume Turbulent flow conditions.
Givens:
h = 120.31 cm
d = 14.455 cm
K = 8.976
Q
Answers:
(1) 94.917 lit/s
(2) 49.048 lit/s
( 3 ) 80.722 lit/s
68.588 lit/s
4
Problem (13): A pump is being used to lift water from the bottom
tank to the top tank in a galvanized iron pipe at a discharge (Q).
The length and diameter of the pipe section from the bottom tank
to the pump are (L₁) and (d₁), respectively. The length and
diameter of the pipe section from the pump to the top tank are
(L2) and (d2), respectively.
Given the values of Q [L/s], L₁ [m], d₁ [m], L₂ [m], d₂ [m],
calculate total head loss due to friction (i.e., major loss) in the
pipe (hmajor-loss) in [cm].
Givens:
L₁,d₁
Pump
L₂,d2
오
0.533 lit/s
L1 =
6920.729 m
d1 =
1.065 m
L2 =
70.946 m
d2
0.072 m
Answers:
(1)
3.069 cm
(2) 3.914 cm
( 3 ) 2.519 cm
( 4 ) 1.855 cm
TABLE 8.1
Equivalent Roughness for New Pipes
Pipe
Riveted steel
Concrete
Wood stave
Cast iron
Galvanized iron
Equivalent Roughness, &
Feet
Millimeters
0.003-0.03 0.9-9.0
0.001-0.01 0.3-3.0
0.0006-0.003 0.18-0.9
0.00085
0.26
0.0005
0.15
0.045
0.000005
0.0015
0.0 (smooth) 0.0 (smooth)
Commercial steel or wrought iron 0.00015
Drawn…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 3.8 - A propane tank is filled with a mixture of liquid...Ch. 3.8 - Is iced water a pure substance? Why?Ch. 3.8 - What is the difference between saturated vapor and...Ch. 3.8 - What is the difference between saturated liquid...Ch. 3.8 - If the pressure of a substance is increased during...Ch. 3.8 - Is it true that water boils at higher temperature...Ch. 3.8 - What is the difference between the critical point...Ch. 3.8 - A househusband is cooking beef stew for his family...Ch. 3.8 - How does a boiling process at supercritical...Ch. 3.8 - What is quality? Does it have any meaning in the...
Ch. 3.8 - Does the amount of heat absorbed as 1 kg of...Ch. 3.8 - Does the reference point selected for the...Ch. 3.8 - What is the physical significance of hfg? Can it...Ch. 3.8 - Does hfg change with pressure? How?Ch. 3.8 - Is it true that it takes more energy to vaporize 1...Ch. 3.8 - Which process requires more energy: completely...Ch. 3.8 - In what kind of pot will a given volume of water...Ch. 3.8 - It is well known that warm air in a cooler...Ch. 3.8 - In the absence of compressed liquid tables, how is...Ch. 3.8 - A perfectly fitting pot and its lid often stick...Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for H2O:Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for H2O:Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for H2O:Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for H2O:Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for refrigerant-134a:Ch. 3.8 - Complete this table for refrigerant-134a:Ch. 3.8 - A 1.8-m3 rigid tank contains steam at 220C....Ch. 3.8 - One pound-mass of water fills a container whose...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device contains 0.85 kg of...Ch. 3.8 - 10 kg of R-134a fill a 1.115-m3 rigid container at...Ch. 3.8 - What is the specific internal energy of water at...Ch. 3.8 - What is the specific volume of water at 5 MPa and...Ch. 3.8 - What is the specific volume of R-134a at 20C and...Ch. 3.8 - Refrigerant-134a at 200 kPa and 25C flows through...Ch. 3.8 - One kilogram of R-134a fills a 0.14-m3 weighted...Ch. 3.8 - One kilogram of water vapor at 200 kPa fills the...Ch. 3.8 - The temperature in a pressure cooker during...Ch. 3.8 - How much error would one expect in determining the...Ch. 3.8 - Water is to be boiled at sea level in a...Ch. 3.8 - Repeat Prob. 340 for a location at an elevation of...Ch. 3.8 - 10 kg of R-134a at 300 kPa fills a rigid container...Ch. 3.8 - 100 kg of R-134a at 200 kPa are contained in a...Ch. 3.8 - Water initially at 200 kPa and 300C is contained...Ch. 3.8 - Saturated steam coming off the turbine of a steam...Ch. 3.8 - A person cooks a meal in a 30-cm-diameter pot that...Ch. 3.8 - Water is boiled at 1 atm pressure in a...Ch. 3.8 - Repeat Prob. 347 for a location at 2000-m...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 49PCh. 3.8 - A rigid tank with a volume of 1.8 m3 contains 40...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device contains 0.005 m3 of...Ch. 3.8 - A 5-ft3 rigid tank contains a saturated mixture of...Ch. 3.8 - Superheated water vapor at 180 psia and 500F is...Ch. 3.8 - One kilogram of water fills a 150-L rigid...Ch. 3.8 - 10 kg of R-134a fill a 0.7-m3 weighted...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device contains 0.6 kg of steam...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 1.4 kg...Ch. 3.8 - Water is being heated in a vertical pistoncylinder...Ch. 3.8 - A rigid tank initially contains 1.4 kg saturated...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 50 L of...Ch. 3.8 - The spring-loaded pistoncylinder device shown in...Ch. 3.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains steam...Ch. 3.8 - Under what conditions is the ideal-gas assumption...Ch. 3.8 - What is the difference between mass and molar...Ch. 3.8 - Propane and methane are commonly used for heating...Ch. 3.8 - What is the specific volume of oxygen at 25 psia...Ch. 3.8 - A 100-L container is filled with 1 kg of air at a...Ch. 3.8 - A mass of 1 lbm of argon is maintained at 200 psia...Ch. 3.8 - A 400-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25C....Ch. 3.8 - The pressure gage on a 2.5-m3 oxygen tank reads...Ch. 3.8 - A spherical balloon with a diameter of 9 m is...Ch. 3.8 - Reconsider Prob. 373. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 3.8 - A 1-m3 tank containing air at 10C and 350 kPa is...Ch. 3.8 - A mass of 10 g of oxygen fill a weighted...Ch. 3.8 - A mass of 0.1 kg of helium fills a 0.2 m3 rigid...Ch. 3.8 - A rigid tank whose volume is unknown is divided...Ch. 3.8 - A rigid tank contains 20 lbm of air at 20 psia and...Ch. 3.8 - In an informative article in a magazine it is...Ch. 3.8 - What is the physical significance of the...Ch. 3.8 - Determine the specific volume of refrigerant-134a...Ch. 3.8 - Refrigerant-134a at 400 psia has a specific volume...Ch. 3.8 - Determine the specific volume of superheated water...Ch. 3.8 - Determine the specific volume of superheated water...Ch. 3.8 - Determine the specific volume of nitrogen gas at...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 88PCh. 3.8 - Carbon dioxide gas enters a pipe at 3 MPa and 500...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 90PCh. 3.8 - A 0.016773-m3 tank contains 1 kg of...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 92PCh. 3.8 - What is the percentage of error involved in...Ch. 3.8 - What is the physical significance of the two...Ch. 3.8 - Refrigerant-134a at 400 psia has a specific volume...Ch. 3.8 - A 3.27-m3 tank contains 100 kg of nitrogen at 175...Ch. 3.8 - Nitrogen at 150 K has a specific volume of...Ch. 3.8 - A 1-m3 tank contains 2.841 kg of steam at 0.6 MPa....Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 103PCh. 3.8 - Prob. 104PCh. 3.8 - On a certain day, the temperature and relative...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 106PCh. 3.8 - Consider two rooms that are identical except that...Ch. 3.8 - A thermos bottle is half-filled with water and is...Ch. 3.8 - Complete the blank cells in the following table of...Ch. 3.8 - Complete the blank cells in the following table of...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 3.8 - Prob. 112RPCh. 3.8 - The gage pressure of an automobile tire is...Ch. 3.8 - A tank contains argon at 600C and 200 kPa gage....Ch. 3.8 - The combustion in a gasoline engine may be...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 3.8 - Prob. 117RPCh. 3.8 - A rigid tank with a volume of 0.117 m3 contains 1...Ch. 3.8 - A 9-m3 tank contains nitrogen at 17C and 600 kPa....Ch. 3.8 - A 10-kg mass of superheated refrigerant-134a at...Ch. 3.8 - A 4-L rigid tank contains 2 kg of saturated...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 123RPCh. 3.8 - A tank whose volume is unknown is divided into two...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 125RPCh. 3.8 - A tank contains helium at 37C and 140 kPa gage....Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 127RPCh. 3.8 - On the property diagrams indicated below, sketch...Ch. 3.8 - Ethane at 10 MPa and 100C is heated at constant...Ch. 3.8 - Steam at 400C has a specific volume of 0.02 m3/kg....Ch. 3.8 - Consider an 18-m-diameter hot-air balloon that,...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 3.8 - A 3-m3 rigid vessel contains steam at 2 MPa and...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 3.8 - Water is boiled at 1 atm pressure in a coffeemaker...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 139FEPCh. 3.8 - Water is boiled in a pan on a stove at sea level....Ch. 3.8 - A rigid tank contains 2 kg of an ideal gas at 4...Ch. 3.8 - The pressure of an automobile tire is measured to...Ch. 3.8 - Consider a sealed can that is filled with...
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- The flow rate is 12.275 Liters/s and the diameter is 6.266 cm.arrow_forwardAn experimental setup is being built to study the flow in a large water main (i.e., a large pipe). The water main is expected to convey a discharge (Qp). The experimental tube will be built at a length scale of 1/20 of the actual water main. After building the experimental setup, the pressure drop per unit length in the model tube (APm/Lm) is measured. Problem (20): Given the value of APm/Lm [kPa/m], and assuming pressure coefficient similitude, calculate the drop in the pressure per unit length of the water main (APP/Lp) in [Pa/m]. Givens: AP M/L m = 590.637 kPa/m meen Answers: ( 1 ) 59.369 Pa/m ( 2 ) 73.83 Pa/m (3) 95.443 Pa/m ( 4 ) 44.444 Pa/m *******arrow_forwardFind the reaction force in y if Ain = 0.169 m^2, Aout = 0.143 m^2, p_in = 0.552 atm, Q = 0.367 m^3/s, α = 31.72 degrees. The pipe is flat on the ground so do not factor in weight of the pipe and fluid.arrow_forward
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