Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433769
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 37, Problem 10TYU
Summary Introduction
To hypothesize:
How various anesthetics would block pain with the help of action potential and synapses.
Concept introduction:
If there is sufficient shifting of the membrane potential, due to depolarization, then it would result in massive change in the voltage (membrane); this is known as the action potential. Synapse is referred to as a junction that is present between two nerve cells.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
outline the neurochemical transmission and inhibition of pain.
Then using the gate-control theory, devise a plan to minimize pain during your next visit to the dentist.
Why is this important for you to know in public health
We know that short term habituation is due to changes in the presynaptic sensory neuron. What possible changes could explain the results of Kandel’s experiment? Which possibility currently has the most experimental support?
Outline the neurochemical transmission and inhibition of pain. Then using the gate-control theory, devise a plan to minimize pain during your next visit to the dentist.
Chapter 37 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 37.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 37.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 37.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 37.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cells membrane potential shifts...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 37.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 37.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 37.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.4 - Organophosphate pesticides work by inhibiting...Ch. 37.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Name one or more membrane...Ch. 37 - What happens when a resting neuron's membrane...Ch. 37 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 37 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 37 - Which of the following is a direct result of...Ch. 37 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 37 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 37 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 37 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 37 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION An action potential is an...Ch. 37 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 37 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The rattlesnake alerts...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A pin can be pressed against the skin lightly and elicit no response from the pain receptor. However, if the pin is jabbed into the finger, the pain receptor may be stimulated and the finger would quickly be withdrawn through a reflex arc. Use what you know about threshold potential and the all-or-none principle to explain different levels of sensation (light touch or pain)arrow_forwardDescribe brain imaging evidence for localization of function. Describe experiments thatinvolved looking at still pictures and that involved looking at movies. What does eachtype of experiment tell us about localization of function?arrow_forwardAn example of a sensory neuron is one that leads from a pain receptor in the finger to the spinal cord. A pin can be pressed against the skin without eliciting a response from the pain receptor. However, if the pin is jabbed into the finger, the pain receptor may be stimulated and the finger would quickly withdrawn through a reflex arc. How do we sense different types of pain (very painful vs. not painful at all)? Using what you understand about threshold potentials and the all-or-none principle, explain how it is possible to sense different levels of pain. question is in boldarrow_forward
- Scientists are experimenting with new technologies that could help people with missing limbs. In one investigation, electrodes implanted in the nervous tissue of a monkey were connected to an artificial hand. The monkey's nervous system was able to direct the artificial hand to move. The below image shows the monkey raising a piece of zucchini to its mouth using the thought-controlled robotic are (A). a. Using a flowchart, illustrate the basic neural pathway from the sensory stimulus to the motor output. b. What are some other potential applications for this technology? c. Do the benefits to human life justify this form of animal research?arrow_forwardAlcohol addiction is a condition in which a person experiencesdependent on alcohol and difficult to control its consumption. On the other hand, excessive alcohol consumption in the long term can cause disturbances in brain performance, including disturbances in memory, attention, coordination, and locomotion. How does alcohol affect the functioning of nerve cells and the central nervous system? What is the mechanism that occurs? Based on information from the literature, analyze what will happen to coordination and locomotion in someone who is addicted to alcohol and consumes large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time.arrow_forwardI need help finding a research paper and a news article that evaluates how brain and mind are presented outside the scientific literature. Specifically, you’ll choose an empirical study (2020 or earlier) that was featured in news reports and critically evaluate its presentation there in light of the original research paper. The topic is about visual perception in animals or humans . We already spoke about mantis shrimp so that example is not available however it can be any other animal.arrow_forward
- An example of a sensory neuron is one that leads from a pain receptor in the finger to the spinal cord. A pin can be pressed against the skin without eliciting a response from the pain receptor. However, if the pin is jabbed into the finger, the pain receptor may be stimulated and the finger would quickly be withdrawn through a reflex arc. How do we sense different types of pain (very painful vs. not painful at all)? Using your knowledge of threshold potential and the all-or-none principle, explain how it is possible to sense different levels of pain.arrow_forwardHeroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a “high” feeling. Heroin is an example of a(n): a. protagonist. c. agonist. b. antagonist. d. glial cell.arrow_forwardAn in-class test of the opponent process theory of color vision relied on a basic principle of neurophysiology to explain color afterimages. What is this basic principle? O If a cell is excited or inhibited for a long period of time by a strong stimulus, when the stimulus is terminated the cell will temporarily "undershoot" or "overshoot" its normal activity rate. Receptor cells are able to respond to a wide variety of sensory inputs, but sensory neurons are only able to respond to a select few types of inputs. Sensory receptors are the first cells to process incoming stimuli, while sensory neurons have to rely on input from receptors in order to function. Retinal ganglion cells act in a non-intuitive "opposite" fashion, being inhibited by a strong stimulus, but excited by a weak stimulus.arrow_forward
- The conscious perception of pain is often delayed because of the time it takes for the sensations to reach the cerebral cortex. Why would this be the case based on propagation of the axon potential?arrow_forwardYou identify a new neuron in the fruit fly's brain and find it contains acetylcholine. 1) Based on this identification, this neuron is (a) Excitatory, (b) Inhibitory, (c) Neither excitatory nor inhibitory, or (d) Either excitatory or inhibitory 2) Briefly explain your answer above. 3) How would you figure out your answer above? Briefly describe an experiment you would do. Edit Format Tablearrow_forwardLocal anesthetics "block" the action potential and therefore do not allow "pain" information to proceed to the brain and spinal cord. In the presence of these molecules (local anesthetics) 'threshold' is essentially "ignored". The molecules most logically work by: 23. a. Decreasing the intracellular [potassium] b. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated potassium channels c. Decreasing the extracellular [sodium] d. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated sodium channelsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning