Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 36, Problem 10TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • INTERPRET THE DATA A Minnesota gardener notes that the plants immediately bordering a walkway are stunted compared with those farther away. Suspecting that the soil near the walkway may be contaminated from salt added to the walkway in winter, the gardener tests the soil. The composition of the soil near the walkway is identical to that farther away except that it contains an additional 50 mM NaCl. Assuming that the NaCl is completely ionized, calculate how much it will lower the solute potential of the soil at 20°C using the solute potential equation:
Ψs= -iCRT
where i is the ionization constant (2 for NaCl), C is the molar concentration (in mol/L), R is the pressure constant [R = 0.00831 (L • MPa)/(mol • K)],and T is the temperature in Kelvin (273 + °C).
How would this change in the solute potential of the soil affect the water potential of the soil? In what way would the change in the water potential of the soil affect the movement of water in or out of the roots?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Observation: I want to know what effect salt has on the growth of grass. So I measure out 3 equal-sized squares of grass out the back of the Green Building. The first square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water from a watering can every day. The second square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water with 2 grams of salt mixed in, every day. The third square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water with 4 grams of salt mixed in, every day. I measure the height of the grass after 14 days and note the following observations. The first square is green and 15 cm high. The second square is greeny-yellow and 6 cm high. The third square is yellowy-brown and looks dead and is only 2cm high. What could we infer about the effect salt has on the growth of grass?
Chemistry of Water
103
nclusion
Under normal conditions root hair cells are relatively low in water
molecules and high in other kinds of molecules (cell salts and nutrients).
Draw arrows to show water movement between the soil water, the root
hair cell, and the water transporting tube.
Water
Transporting
Tube
Salts
and
Nutrients
Root
Hair
Cell
Water
Molecules
ROOT
ROOT HAIR CELL
ESTION
1. What would happen to the water movement if you put salt or a lot of
fertilizer in the soil?
2. Explain how the properties of water investigated in Exercises #1 and
# 4 assist a plant in the movement of water from the soil, into the root
hair, and throughout the structure of the plant.
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • INTERPRET THE DATA A Minnesotagardener notes that the plants immediately bordering a walkwayare stunted compared with those farther away. Suspectingthat the soil near the walkway may be contaminated from saltadded to the walkway in winter, the gardener tests the soil. Thecomposition of the soil near the walkway is identical to thatfarther away except that it contains an additional 50 mM NaCl.Assuming that the NaCl is completely ionized, calculate howmuch it will lower the solute potential of the soil at 20°C usingthe solute potential equation:ΨS = -iCRTwhere i is the ionization constant (2 for NaCl), C is themolar concentration (in mol/L), R is the pressure constant[R = 0.00831 (L · MPa)/(mol · K)], and T is the temperature inKelvin (273 + °C).How would this change in the solute potential of the soilaffect the water potential of the soil? In what way would thechange in the water potential of the soil affect the movementof water in or out of the roots?
Chapter 36 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 36.1 - Why is long-distance transport important for...Ch. 36.1 - Some plants can detect increased levels of light...Ch. 36.1 - WHAT IF? If you prune a plant's shoot tips, what...Ch. 36.2 - If a plant cell immersed in distilled water has a...Ch. 36.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 36.2 - How would the long-distance transport of water be...Ch. 36.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 36.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 36.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an Arabidopsis mutant lacking...Ch. 36.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How are the Casparian strip and...
Ch. 36.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 36.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 36.4 - WHAT IF? If you buy cut flowers, why might the...Ch. 36.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 36.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 36.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 36.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 36.5 - WHAT IF? Apple growers in Japan sometimes make a...Ch. 36.6 - How do plasmodesmata differ from gap junctions?Ch. 36.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 36.6 - WHAT IF? Suppose plants were genetically modified...Ch. 36 - How did the evolution of xylem and phloem...Ch. 36 - Is xylem sap usually pulled or pushed up the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 36.3CRCh. 36 - Prob. 36.4CRCh. 36 - Prob. 36.5CRCh. 36 - By what mechanisms is symplastic communication...Ch. 36 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 36 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 36 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 36 - Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly...Ch. 36 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 36 - A plant cell with a of -0.65 MPa maintains a...Ch. 36 - Compared with a cell with few aquaporin proteins...Ch. 36 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 36 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Large brown algae called...Ch. 36 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA A Minnesota...Ch. 36 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Cotton plants wilt within a few...Ch. 36 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION Natural...Ch. 36 - Prob. 13TYU
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- i. Give an example of a plant organ that functions as the source and the sink in thetransport above. Source: Sink:arrow_forwardDRAW IT Draw a simple sketch of cation exchange, showinga root hair, a soil particle with anions, and a hydrogen iondisplacing a mineral cation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following condition indicate a very dry soil? O Matric potential3D5 kpa O Matric potential=D0 kpa O Matric potential=-1000 kpa O Matric potential=-100 kpa O Osmotic potential= -10 pa dotermines tCarrow_forward
- How does increasing solute concentration affect water potential? (a) water potential becomes more positive (b) water potential becomes more negative (c) water potential becomes more positive under certain conditions and more negative under other conditions (d) water potential is not affected by solute concentration (e) water potential is always zero when solutes are dissolved in waterarrow_forwardWhich one of the following statement is wrong? Options Water is absorbed mainly by unicellular root hairs Cellulosic cell wall is a semi permeable membrane Pure water has maximum diffusic pressure Facilitated diffusion requires special membrane proteinsarrow_forwardAccording to the water potential values shown in the image, which ones are wrong and why? W air (22 °C, 50% HR) -100 MPa Cas V sheet -0.2 MPa W stem -0.01 MPa to -0.1 MPa W soil -1 MPa to -0.51 MPa -4 MPa W root -0.1 MPa toarrow_forward
- Plants can transport water from their roots to their canopy regardless of their height. What properties of water make this long distance transport possible? Plants can transport water from their roots to their canopy regardless of their height. What properties of water make this long distance transport possible? Water can dissolve many substances Water has a high specific heat Cohesiveness of water Adhesiveness of water Choices A and B Choices A and Carrow_forward2) Name and describe the three types of compartments found in plants in terms of water relations. How do these relate to the three different routes that an ion can take as it moves from the soil and through plant tissue?arrow_forwardAnswer options are in greyarrow_forward
- I need help with this chartarrow_forwardSource Sieve tube Punca Tiub tapis Substance V Bahan V Molecule W Molekul W Osmosis Sink Sinki Substance V Bahan V Molecule W Molekul W Figure 2 Rajah 2 Give an example of a plant organ that functions as the source and the sink in the transport above. Berikan contoh organ tumbuhan yang berfungsi sebagai punca dan sinki dalam pengangkutan di atas. Source Punca: Sink Sinki: ...arrow_forward43. Two soil samples, A & B, at same soil moisture levels are placed in contact with each other. Water will more likely move from soil B to soil A if their osmotic potentials, expressed in kPa, are: O A=-30; B=-70 O A=-10; B=+10 O A=-60; B=-10 O A=-50; B=-100 OA=-20%; B=-20arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license