Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 3IQ
The following phylogenetic hypothesis shows the major clades of chordates with some of the derived characters that define them. As you work through this chapter, fill in the seven large clades along the side and the name of each lineage.
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Select clades from the list provided below to show a legitimate evolutionary path that led to the evolution of the blue-headed wrasse. The clades are listed in alphabetical order. Include all clades to which this species belongs. Ignore the clades to which this species does not belong. I started by writing the broadest two clades that apply (see below).
Actinopterygii
Chondrichthyes
Chordata
Cyclostomata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Teleostei
Tetrapoda
Vertebrata
create a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different Phyla. Take note that some characters may be secondarily lost during the evolution of these different.
there is a photo of example of cladogram below
draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of Amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangement. You can exclude lungfishes and amphibians but include all other lineages. You can do this by swiveling the branches.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 34 - Name the animal shown in the following diagram and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2IQCh. 34 - The following phylogenetic hypothesis shows the...Ch. 34 - a. List the derived characters of gnathostomes. b....Ch. 34 - a. What three lineages of lobe-fins survive today?...Ch. 34 - Describe the 375-million-year-old fishapod fossil...Ch. 34 - Identify the four extraembryonic membranes in the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8IQCh. 34 - Prob. 9IQCh. 34 - a. List the derived characteristics of mammals. b....
Ch. 34 - Prob. 11IQCh. 34 - Starting from primates, list the increasingly...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 9TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKFCh. 34 - Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Non-bird reptiles have much lower caloric needs...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 34 - It is thought that feathers first arose as a means...Ch. 34 - Prob. 15TYK
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- True or Falsearrow_forwardAnswer the following questions about this phylogenetic tree. What animal represents the out group in this tree and why? What is the derived characteristic of the birds? What is the shared characteristic of 3 to 6? Which number represents the common ancestor of Ostriches and Hawks?arrow_forwardTrue or Falsearrow_forward
- A 2015 article in Nature has summarized the early history of jawed vertebrates using highlights from recent discoveries and how they have changed our understanding of vertebrate evolution. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140416133336.htm Question: Given these recent discoveries, how should the cladogram below change? Describe it. It will likely be helpful to reference a synapomorphy noted on the cladogram.arrow_forwardThe tree shows one lineage of ornithischian dinosaurs and many lineages of theropoddinosaurs. Some important traits are mapped on the tree including the aspects of feathers, digits of thehands and a few behaviors. a. What phylogenetic function do the Ornithischian dinosaurs play in this tree?b. What trait is shared by all theropod dinosaurs?c. Only two lineages are thought to be capable of flight. What trait may have helped their wings to bestrong enough?d. What seems to happen to the bones of the hand across this tree of dinosaurs?e. What other bone characteristics might be important to ultimately enabling flight?arrow_forwardThe following four line drawings are reconstructions of invertebrate fossil. Using your knowledge of the extant invertebrate phyla, please indicate which phylum this species mostly likely belongs to. Support your conclusion by connecting the morphological characteristics of the fossil species with the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum.arrow_forward
- Based on the phylogenetic tree diagram in Figure 34.2, predict which vertebrate groups should have lungs or lung derivatives. Explain.arrow_forwarddraw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of Amniotes shown in the bottom figure, but with a different arrangement. You can exclude lungfishes and amphibians but include all other lineages. You can do this by swiveling the branches.arrow_forwardExplain how a cladistic classification for the vertebrates produces important regroupings of the traditional vertebrate taxa (refer to Figure 23.2). Why are Agnatha and Reptilia, as traditionally recognized, inconsistent with cladistic principles?arrow_forward
- Examine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Which statements are correctly inferred from this tree? Select all that apply. A) The mammals are the outgroup in this tree. B) Birds and dinosaurs share a recent common ancestor. C) Mammals and birds are more closely related than any other species. D) Turtles are equally as diverged from lizards and snakes as they are from crocodiles. E) Lizards and snakes are more recently diverged from each other than they are from crocodiles.arrow_forwardPlease help urgentlyarrow_forwardA) Draw a phylogenetic tree for the major phyla of the animal kingdom. Label the appropriate branch points on the tree with the following features: Tissue, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, body cavity, deuterostomes, and protostomes. B). Draw a diagram of a hydra. On the hydra, label the mouth (hypostome), tentacles, basal disk, ovary, budding polyp, gastrovascular cavity. State the function of each structure you labeled next to or under your diagram.arrow_forward
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