Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 34, Problem 2SYK
Summary Introduction
To describe: Several examples from the evolution of vertebrates that demonstrate common theme of evolutionary of exaptation that new adaptations commonly evolve from pre-existing structures.
Introduction: Vertebrates are animals with a backbone or a vertebral column. Vertebrates include bony fishes, jawed vertebrates include cartilaginous fishes such as ratfish, sharks, jawed fishes, and tetrapods include reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and birds.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Explain why the concept of exaptation does not imply that a structure evolves in anticipation of some future environmental change.
Name three features often associated with the evolution of an endoparasitic lifestyle. Compare and contrast these features between endoparasites from three phyla and their closest non-endoparasitic relatives. Assuming the features are adaptive, which of them do these comparisons suggest are exaptations?
Need help
Name the three Vertebrate taxa that evolved the ability to fly. Describe which structures were modified for flight in each case, and contrast these structures with those of their closest non-flying relatives. (Please use new species not from previous answers)
Chapter 34 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 34 - Name the animal shown in the following diagram and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2IQCh. 34 - The following phylogenetic hypothesis shows the...Ch. 34 - a. List the derived characters of gnathostomes. b....Ch. 34 - a. What three lineages of lobe-fins survive today?...Ch. 34 - Describe the 375-million-year-old fishapod fossil...Ch. 34 - Identify the four extraembryonic membranes in the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8IQCh. 34 - Prob. 9IQCh. 34 - a. List the derived characteristics of mammals. b....
Ch. 34 - Prob. 11IQCh. 34 - Starting from primates, list the increasingly...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 9TYKFCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKFCh. 34 - Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first...Ch. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Non-bird reptiles have much lower caloric needs...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 34 - It is thought that feathers first arose as a means...Ch. 34 - Prob. 15TYK
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Ostrich wings are vestigial because they are too rudimentary to perform the function for which they evolved in the species’ flying ancestor. Nonetheless, the ostrich uses its wings for other purposes. For example, an ostrich may extend its wings to the side while running, to help maintain balance, and it may spread its wings as part of a threat display. These uses show that evolution by natural selection can sometimes repurpose vestigial structures that have lost the function for which they originally evolved. But whether a vestigial structure remains useless or acquires a new function, it is homologous to the version that retains its original function in other organisms and provides evidence of common ancestry. But are all similarities between different organisms the result of shared ancestry?arrow_forwardThe evolution of different body plans in animals has led to a wide diversity of species. For example, in Cnidaria (which includes jellyfish and corals) we see a radically different body plan compared to insects or birds. What significant evolutionary development is exhibited by insects and birds that is not present in Cnidaria? The development of bilateral symmetry and cephalization. The development of radial symmetry. The development of a calcified exoskeleton. The development of tentacles for capturing prey.arrow_forwardThe ancestors of extant tetrapods first evolved the ability to live out of water over 350 million years ago. Which of the following had to have been true for natural selection to have favored the original evolution of limbs? A) Closely related lineages that remained in the ocean must have gone extinct. There must have been differences in survival and or/reproduction based on size, musculature, bones or other (B functional aspects of early limbs. Large predators must have been a major source of mortality for populations that spent more time in the water and less on land. The ability of some ancestral fish-tetrapod transitional forms to move from one body of water to another during D droughts must have led to decreased mortality. E There must have been less competition for food on land.arrow_forward
- In the frog embryo, convergent extension elongates the notochord. Explain how the words convergent and extension apply to this process.arrow_forwardMammals belong to a group of amniotes known as synapsids. Three major lineages of mammals had emerged by the early Cretaceous period. In a tabulated form, compare these three lineages to illustrate their diversity in terms of: a. Embryonic developmen, b. How the young are fed and c. Period of gestationarrow_forwardAccording to Richard Owen, the forelimbs of an adult human (with hands, adapted for grasping fruit from a tree), and the forelimbs of an adult bat (with wings, adapted for flight), are both derived from the same mammalian embryological structures, so they must represent: homologous structures, with similar embryonic anatomy, but different functions analogous structures, with different functions, and different embryonic anatomy analogous structures, with similar functions, but different embryonic anatomy analogous structures, with different embryonic anatomy, and different functions homologous structures, with different embryonic anatomy, but similar functionsarrow_forward
- describe one way in which limb development in Acanthostega could differ from that in modern tetrapods (e.g., mouse, human) to generate this digit pattern. Your description must include the name of at least one specific gene and at least one basic cellular mechanism.arrow_forwardAccording to the picture blow, how many times did branched filaments evolve in dinosaurs?arrow_forwardAccording to the picture blow, how many times did branched filaments evolve in dinosaurs?arrow_forward
- What are the similarities and differences between the growth and development of animals to plants?arrow_forwardA genetic change that caused a certain Hox gene to be expressedalong the tip of a vertebrate limb bud instead of farther backhelped make possible the evolution of the tetrapod limb.This type of change is illustrative of(A) the influence of environment on development.(B) paedomorphosis.(C) a change in a developmental gene or in its regulation thataltered the spatial organization of body parts.(D) heterochronyarrow_forwardDarwin’s finches (Thraupidae, Passeriformes) have beaks of different shapes that allow them to feed on many different diets: insects, seeds, berries, and young leaves. For example, large ground finch has a very deep and broad bill adapted to crack hard and large seeds, while the cactus finch has an elongated and pointy beak for probing cactus flowers and fruits. Geospiza finch bills develop their distinct shapes during embryogenesis and are apparent upon hatching. Figure below is species-tree estimation of phylogenetic relationships among the Galápagos finches using mtDNA and nuclear loci information. ***Branch lengths are proportional to time and genetic distance except for abbreviated basal node depth.*** Photographs of profiles of each species are shown. Identify all species pair(s) who have the most similar DNA sequence and clearly explain why. Would Ce. fusca and Ce. olivacea be considered as one of the pair with the most similar DNA sequence given that "branch lengths are…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Animal Adaptations for Kids, Learn about physical, life cycle, and behavioral adaptations of animals; Author: Learn Bright;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2MibjJgyjs;License: Standard youtube license