Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 2CT
A diabetic who injects too much insulin can lose consciousness. Explain how injecting excess insulin can impair brain function. Explain also why an injection of glucagon can restore normal function.
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A client with T2DM is admitted to the medical unit with pneumonia. The client’s oral antidiabetic medication has been discontinued and the patient is now receiving insulin for glucose control. Which of the following statements best explains the rationale for this change in medication?
Question 73 options:
a)
Insulin administration will help prevent hypoglycemia during the illness
b)
Acute illnesses like pneumonia will cause increased insulin resistance
c)
Infection has compromised beta cell function so the client will need insulin from now on
d)
Stress-related conditions such as infections induce a hypermetabolic state
Describe the steps to follow when injecting insulin using an insulin pen.
Name the hormone rersponsible for maintaining glucose level in the blood.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 34 - Prob. 1DAACh. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1SQCh. 34 - A ________ is synthesized from cholesterol and can...Ch. 34 - Match each pituitary hormone with its target. ____...Ch. 34 - Releasing hormones secreted by the hypothalamus...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5SQCh. 34 - Low blood calcium triggers secretion by ________....
Ch. 34 - _______ lowers blood sugar levels; ________ raises...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8SQCh. 34 - The ________ has both endocrine and exocrine...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10SQCh. 34 - Secretion of _______ suppresses immune responses....Ch. 34 - Prob. 12SQCh. 34 - Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?...Ch. 34 - True or false? All hormones secreted by arthropods...Ch. 34 - Match the term listed at left with the most...Ch. 34 - Women who have been blind since birth almost never...Ch. 34 - A diabetic who injects too much insulin can lose...Ch. 34 - Endocrine disruptors can interfere with biological...Ch. 34 - An arctic hares coat color changes from white to...
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- Describe the mechanism of action of insulin. Based on the MOA, when would insulin be contraindicated?arrow_forwardIdentify: The mechanism of action for insulin The types of insulin The peak time for each insulin When each insulin is prescribedarrow_forwardThe hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose. b) People with Type II diabetes mellitus can manage their condition (maintain adequate glycaemic control) through use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Provide a rationale for how two hypoglycaemic drugs, with different mechanisms of action, can both work to lower blood glucose levels in Type II diabetes.arrow_forward
- To explain: The reason why injecting excess insulin could impair brain function.arrow_forwarddescribe the multiple actions of insulin.arrow_forwardExplain the reasons why each of these signs and symptoms happen in Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Weight loss Weight gain Increases appetite Decreased appetite Increased sensitivity to heat Increased sensitivity to cold Diarrhea Constipation Tachycardia Bradycardia Increased hair and nail growth Hair loss and thin nails Anxiety and irritability Depression Tremors Periorbital puffiness Muscle weakness Deafnessarrow_forward
- (human physiology) 1) Match the insulin types (1-3) with the plots (A-C)? Explain? 2) Oral administration (e.g. in the form of pills) of insulin and subcutaneous administration, which is more effective? Why? 3) Why are elderly, sedentary, obese and regular smokers at high risk of diabetes?arrow_forwardwhat class of hypertensive drugs can cause hyperglycemia for a non-diabetic patient?arrow_forwardDiscuss the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and explain the reasons for the sign/symptoms seen in diabetes. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Type 1 - causes ,incidence Type 2 - cause, incidence Lack of insulin to blood glucose levels rise ( hyperglycaemia e.g. 20mmol/or more); glucose can not move into cells to provide energy for metabolic reactions. Link to symptoms, e.g. tiredness, hunger. Glucose excreted in urine ( exceeds renal threshold). Link to polyuria,thirst,dehydration - protein broken down to form more glucose (gluconeogenesis): provides energy to cells. -Link Fats broken down to FFA and glycerol for glucose production (gluconeogenesis). Link to weight loss. Link excess ketone bodies formed from fat break down to ketoacidosis. Link to ketone in urine (ketonuria), vomiting, coma.arrow_forward
- Name the disorder caused by deficency of insulin.arrow_forwardDescribe the symptoms of insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and explain how these conditions are produced.arrow_forwardExplain how insulin and glucagon work together to maintain the blood glucose level within the normal range?arrow_forward
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