Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 33, Problem 2CT
A compound extracted from the leaves of the shrub Stevin-rebaudiana is a natural sugar substitute. The compound is 300 times sweeter than sugar, but has a slight bitter aftertaste. Given what you know about taste receptors, explain how a compound can be perceived as both sweet and bitter.
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Chapter 33 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 33 - The pain of heartburn is an example of a ___ . a....Ch. 33 - ___ is defined as a decrease in the response to an...Ch. 33 - Which is a somatic sensation? a. taste b. smell c....Ch. 33 - Chemoreceptors play a role in the sense of ___ ....Ch. 33 - In the ___, neurons are arranged like maps that...Ch. 33 - Mechanoreceptors in the ___ send signal, to the...Ch. 33 - The middle ear functions in__________. a....Ch. 33 - Prob. 8SQCh. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...
Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - The organ of Corti contains receptors that signal...Ch. 33 - Night vision begins with stimulation of ___ . a....Ch. 33 - Visual accommodation involves adjustment to the...Ch. 33 - When you view a close object, your lens gets ___ ....Ch. 33 - Defective or missing ___ cause mJor blindness. a....Ch. 33 - ___ causes the pupil to widen. a. Low light b....Ch. 33 - Match each structure with its description. _____...Ch. 33 - Like other nocturnal carnivores, the ferret shown...Ch. 33 - A compound extracted from the leaves of the shrub...Ch. 33 - Most bats eat insects or fruit. Vampire bats,...Ch. 33 - Prob. 4CT
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- Taste receptors in the toungue are ipsilateral to the side of the gustatory cortex on which their input is processed. True Falsearrow_forwardIn a taste bud, which cell produces a receptor potential? Taste hairs Sensory nerve fibers Supporting cells Basal cells Gustatory cellsarrow_forwardTaste cells form chemical synapses with afferent neurites that make up the gustatory cranial nerve. For signals to pass onto the afferents, what critical step must take place? Opening of Ca++ channels Opening of K+ channels Opening of Na+ channels Generation of an action potentialarrow_forward
- What might be the possible mechanism for the effect of miraculin on the perception of taste? With detailarrow_forwardMany odorant molecules are highly hydrophobic and concentrate within the olfactory epithelium. They would give a persistent signal independent of their concentration in the environment if they were not rapidly modified. Propose a mechanism for converting hydrophobic odorants into watersoluble derivatives that can be rapidly eliminated.arrow_forwardA mixture of two of the compounds illustrated in Figure 33.6 is applied to a section of olfactory epithelium. Only receptors 3, 5, 9, 12, and 13 are activated, according to Figure 33.7. Identify the likely compounds in the mixture.arrow_forward
- Compare the mechanisms of the receptor molecules for salty and sour taste; the taste-receptor molecules for sweetness, bitterness, and umami; and odor-receptor molecules (Indicate if a given sense uses a GPCR, an ion channel etc and how the downstream signal might be different). Drawing is good for this type of question.arrow_forwardIn humans, the five principal kinds of taste sensations are_______,_______ , _______ ,______, and_____ . Molecules that leave the food and enter the air inside the mouth are detected by the sense of______ , which plays a major role in the brain’s perception of taste.arrow_forwardSummarize an experiment that could be done to test the hypothesis that perception of taste is due to activation of specific taste cells and independent of any chemical tastants. Be sure to indicate what experimental results would support this hypothesis.arrow_forward
- How do smell signals arise and reach the brain?arrow_forwardIn order to find out what type of taster you are (supertaster, normal taster, hypotaster), what do you count in the binder ring? O foliate papillae O vallate papillae O taste buds O fungiform papillae O fusiform papillaearrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of the process of transduction? Taste acceptance and rejection are processed in the hindbrain, while emotional reactions to taste are processed in forebrain. Different qualities of taste (sweet, salt, sour, bitter) activate different receptor cells in the taste buds. O A photon of light strikes a photopigment in a rod cell, changing the photopigment, which causes the close of ion channels, which reduces the rod's output of neurotransmitter. Molecules of alcohol evaporate from the surface of a liquid and get into your nasal passages.arrow_forward
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