The difference between commensalism and cooperation. Introduction: Commensalism and cooperation are the types of microbial interactions in which two organisms live in the association with each other to take benefits. These interactions can have positive, negative or neutral results. They can be obligatory or non-obligatory associations depending upon the type of association between the two organisms.

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Chapter 32.1, Problem 3.1RIA

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To determine: The difference between commensalism and cooperation.

Introduction: Commensalism and cooperation are the types of microbial interactions in which two organisms live in the association with each other to take benefits. These interactions can have positive, negative or neutral results. They can be obligatory or non-obligatory associations depending upon the type of association between the two organisms.

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Overview of Transformation Protocol -Prepare competent bacteria for transformation: Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure. Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed. -Transformation procedure: Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA. Add CaCl2 to both tubes. Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube. Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes. Add recovery broth to both tubes. Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes. Questions: 1) What differences would you expect to see between the…

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