EBK BIOLOGY
10th Edition
ISBN: 8220100474729
Author: Martin
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 3.1, Problem 3C
Summary Introduction
To sketch: Methyl, amino, carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phosphate by including both non-ionized and ionized forms for acidic and basic groups.
Introduction: An organic compound is defined as the chemical compound that has carbon and another element. A
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I. Write a balanced chemical reaction, complete with chemical structures, to show the hydrolysis of iso-C to U.
II. Draw the mechanism by which iso-G converts to its "minor tautomeric form complementary to U." You may propose either an acid or base catalyst.
III. Draw chemical structures of the minor tautomeric form of iso-guanine (iso-G) and uracil (U), showing the non-covalent bonding (H-bonding) interactions between them.
Column A shows the names of some of the important functional groups. Column B shows their structures. Match each entry in column A with one in column B
Calculate the charge and draw the structure of the predominant ion for:
(i)
Lysine at pH 7.0
(R=-CH2CH;CH;CH¿NH2)
(ii)
Glutamic acid at pH 7.0 (R=-CH2CH;COOH)
(iii)
Serine at pH 1.0
(R=-CH2OH)
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 3.1 - Describe the properties of carbon that make it the...Ch. 3.1 - Define the term isomer and distinguish among the...Ch. 3.1 - Identify the major functional groups present in...Ch. 3.1 - Explain the relationship between polymers and...Ch. 3.1 - What are some of the ways that the features of...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 5CCh. 3.2 - Distinguish among monosaccharides, disaccharides,...
Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 3.3 - Distinguish among fats, phospholipids, and...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 3.3 - Explain why the structure of phospholipids enables...Ch. 3.4 - Give an overall description of the structure and...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 3.4 - Distinguish among the four levels of organization...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 3.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 3.5 - Describe the components of a nucleotide. Name some...Ch. 3.5 - VISUALIZE Sketch a pyrimidine nucleotide subunit...Ch. 3.6 - Compare the functions and chemical compositions of...Ch. 3.6 - How can you distinguish a pentose sugar from a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 3 - VISUALIZE The structures depicted are (a)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 3 - The synthetic process by which monomers are...Ch. 3 - A monosaccharide designated as an aldehyde sugar...Ch. 3 - Structural polysaccharides typically (a) have...Ch. 3 - Saturated fatty acids are so named because they...Ch. 3 - Fatty acids in phospholipids and triacylglycerols...Ch. 3 - Which of the following levels of protein structure...Ch. 3 - Which of the following associations between R...Ch. 3 - Each phosphodiester linkage in DNA or RNA includes...Ch. 3 - PREDICT Do any of the amino acid side groups shown...Ch. 3 - PREDICT Like oxygen, sulfur forms two covalent...Ch. 3 - Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions are...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK In what ways are all species alike...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK The total number of possible amino...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK Each amino acid could potentially...
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- Show steps pleasearrow_forwardAmino acid structure and composition: Assuming physiological pH conditions, draw the peptide backbone of a protein composed of four amino acids. The protein is a) overall positively charged b) capable of forming disulfide bond with another protein c) has two amino acid that can participate in hydrogen bond formation d) one peptide bond in cis conformation you must show the complete name, single letter abbreviation and structure of each amino acid. Make sure to highlight the peptide bond that is in cis conformationarrow_forwardDiscuss the general classes ofsphingolipids and their functions.arrow_forward
- Assume a pH of 7.0 in aqueous solution. Please draw a tripeptide containing (in this order) a residue with a residue with an non-polar sidechain containing more than five carbons, a positively (+1) charged sidechain, and a residue with a polar (but not charged) sidechain with more than two carbons. Please give the names of the amino acid residues that you drew.arrow_forwardGiven the figure below. Which structure is predominant at pH = 8.0? (Note: The amino acid structures on the topmost portion are labeled as A, B, C and D from left to right) * çOOH pK1 H3Nt CH CH2 CH2 CH2 ČH2 NH3* poo H2N-CH CH2 CH2 GH2 CH2 NH2 foo H2N-CH CH2 çoo pK2 pk3 CH2 CH2 NH3* NH3* 14 1 pK2 pl pk3 12 10 pH 6 4 pK1 2 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Equivalents of OHarrow_forwardExamine the structure shown below. A) What is the common name for this fatty acid? B) What is the IUPAC Name for this fatty acid? (Note: you can use the letter D to represent A in the name).arrow_forward
- Find the structure of a tetrapeptide using the clues presented below. Draw the chemical formula of the peptide. * Full hydrolysis of the peptide yields equimolar amounts of alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, serine and ammonia. * Sanger analysis of the peptide yields 2,4- dinitrophenylalanine. (formula, equation?) * Carboxypeptidase enzyme doesn't hydrolyze the peptide. (Why?) * Partial hydrolysis of the peptide yields the following fragments, each with unknown order: Ser, Ala, Gly Gly, Asp NH3arrow_forwardConsider the structure of the tripeptide below. H O 11 H₂N-C-C-N-C-c- CH₂ CH₂ C=0 NH₂ pH 5: Z-I pH 10: H HN H O 11 CH₂ NH HIC- I-Z 0=6 -N-C-C-OH 1. What is the sequence of the tripeptide? (use the one-letter symbol, do not put dash or space in between symbols) 2. What is the net charge of the dominant structure of the tripeptide at the given pH values? The pK, values of the amino acids are given in Table 1. CH-OH T CH3 Table 1. pk, values of the standard amino acids.arrow_forwardGive the name and structure of at least two examples of each of the following: Heterocyclic amino acid Aromatic amino acid Neutral amino acid Acidic amino acid Basic amino acid Sulfur-containing amino acidarrow_forward
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